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A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z
Lamella heat exchangers, Laminar flow: Laminar flow control, of boundary layers, Lancaster, J F, Langelier index for water quality, Large eddy simulation, in prediction of turbulent boundary layers, Laws for turbulent flows: Layers of fluid, free convection heat transfer in, Le Fevre equations for free convective heat transfer, Leakage between streams, in shell-and-tube heat exchangers Leakage effects, on heat transfer and pressure drop in shell-and-tube heat exchangers, Leaks, in heat exchanger, sealing by explosive welding, Lebedev, M E, Lee and Kesler equation, for vapour pressure, L-footed fins, Lessing rings, characteristic of, as packings for fixed beds, Li equation, for critical temperature of mixtures, Lienhard and Dhir analysis of critical heat flux in pool boiling, Lienhard and Eichhorn criterion, for transition in critical heat flux mechanism in crossflow over single tube, Lift force: Liley, P E, Limb, D, Limpet coils: Linnhoff, B, Liquefaction, exergy analysis of, Liquid fluidized beds, Liquid fuels, properties of, Liquid hold-up, Liquid-liquid-gas flow, Liquid-liquid flow, Liquid metals: Liquid sheets, in direct contact heat transfer, Liquid-solid interfaces, fouling at, Liquids: Lister, D H, Local conditions hypothesis, for critical heat flux in flow boiling, Lockhart and Martinelli correlations: Lodge's rubberlike liquid (non-Newtonian), Logarithmic law region, Logarithmic mean temperature difference Longitudinal flow and heat transfer in tube banks, Long-tube vertical evaporator, Loss coefficient, Lost work in unit operations/exergy analysis, Louvered fins, in plate fin exchangers, Low-alloy steels: Low-finned tubes:
application in shell-and-tube heat exchangers, correlations for single-phase heat transfer in flow over,
Banks of Plain and Finned Tubes
description of, use in boiling augmentation, use in condensation augmentation,
Low-nickel steels, Lubricants, physical properties: Lucas methods

Index

HEDH
A B C D E F G H I J K L
Lamella heat exchangers, Laminar flow: Laminar flow control, of boundary layers, Lancaster, J F, Langelier index for water quality, Large eddy simulation, in prediction of turbulent boundary layers, Laws for turbulent flows: Layers of fluid, free convection heat transfer in, Le Fevre equations for free convective heat transfer, Leakage between streams, in shell-and-tube heat exchangers Leakage effects, on heat transfer and pressure drop in shell-and-tube heat exchangers, Leaks, in heat exchanger, sealing by explosive welding, Lebedev, M E, Lee and Kesler equation, for vapour pressure, L-footed fins, Lessing rings, characteristic of, as packings for fixed beds, Li equation, for critical temperature of mixtures, Lienhard and Dhir analysis of critical heat flux in pool boiling, Lienhard and Eichhorn criterion, for transition in critical heat flux mechanism in crossflow over single tube, Lift force: Liley, P E, Limb, D, Limpet coils: Linnhoff, B, Liquefaction, exergy analysis of, Liquid fluidized beds, Liquid fuels, properties of, Liquid hold-up, Liquid-liquid-gas flow, Liquid-liquid flow, Liquid metals: Liquid sheets, in direct contact heat transfer, Liquid-solid interfaces, fouling at, Liquids: Lister, D H, Local conditions hypothesis, for critical heat flux in flow boiling, Lockhart and Martinelli correlations: Lodge's rubberlike liquid (non-Newtonian), Logarithmic law region, Logarithmic mean temperature difference Longitudinal flow and heat transfer in tube banks, Long-tube vertical evaporator, Loss coefficient, Lost work in unit operations/exergy analysis, Louvered fins, in plate fin exchangers, Low-alloy steels: Low-finned tubes:
application in shell-and-tube heat exchangers, correlations for single-phase heat transfer in flow over,
Banks of Plain and Finned Tubes
description of, use in boiling augmentation, use in condensation augmentation,
Low-nickel steels, Lubricants, physical properties: Lucas methods
M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z
L Low-finned tubes: correlations for single-phase heat transfer in flow over,
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Banks of Plain and Finned Tubes

DOI 10.1615/hedhme.a.000170

2.5.3 Banks of Plain and Finned Tubes

A. Žukauskas, A. Skrinska, J. V. Žiugžda, and V. Gnielinski

Banks of plain and finned tubes are one of the most important arrangements for heat transfer. In what follows, Section A deals with plain tubes and Section B introduces general features of finned tubes. Sections C and D then deal with prediction methods for high fin and low fin tubes respectively.

A. Banks of plain tubes

(a) Introduction

In the field of power generation, in the chemical industries, and in other technologies, heat exchangers involving tubes in crossflow are widely employed. A bundle of circular tubes is one of the most common heat transfer surfaces, particularly in shell – and tube heat exchangers.

Detailed studies have established the relation between the heat transfer and the arrangement of tubes within the bundle (staggered or in-line), and have also established the effect of relative transverse (a = s1 /d), longitudinal (b = s2 /d) and diagonal (b1 = s' /d) pitches (as defined in Figure 1). The fluid approaches the bundle at an angle ψ to the axis of the tube, the "yaw angle". The most common case is where the fluid approaches in a direction normal to the tube axes (ψ = 90°), but often tubes operate at different yaw angles ψ to the flow, and this affects the heat transfer behaviour. Inside a bundle, the flow converges in the intertube spaces and forms a highly turbulent flow over the inner tubes. The recirculation region in the rear of an inner tube is smaller than that for a single tube. The situation is governed by the relative pitches and the bundle geometry. The more compact a bundle is, the larger is the deviation in heat transfer from the single-tube situation. The average heat transfer coefficient depends on the number of longitudinal rows because changes in the turbulence level in inner rows and because of the inlet-outlet effects.

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