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Baffle leakage in shell-and-tube heat exchangers: Baffles in shell-and-tube heat exchangers: Baker flow regime map for horizontal gas-liquid flow, Balance equation (applied to complete equipment), Band dryer: Bandel and Schlunder correlations, for boiling in horizontal tubes, Basket-type evaporator, Barbosa, J R Jr, Bateman, G, Bayonet tube heat exchangers, constructional features of, Bayonet tube evaporators, Beaton, C F, Beer-Lambert law, Bejan, A, Bell-Delaware method for shell-side heat transfer and pressure drop in shell-and-tube heat exchangers, Bell and Ghaly method for calculation of multicomponent condensation, Benard cells in free convection in horizontal fluid layers, Bends: Benzaldehyde: Benzene: Benzoic acid: Benzonitrile: Benzophenone: Benzyl alcohol: Benzyl chloride: Berenson equation for pool film boiling from a horizontal surface, Bergles, Arthur E, Bernoulli equation, application to flow across cylinders, Bimetallic tubes: Binary mixtures: Bingham fluid (non-Newtonian), Biofouling, Biot number: Biphenyl: Bismarck A, Black liquor, in pulp and paper industry, fouling of heat exchangers by, Black surface: Blackbody radiation, Blades, in scraped surface heat exchangers, Blake-Carmen-Kozeny equation, Blasius equation for friction factor, Blenkin, R, Blunt bodies, drag coefficients for, Boilers: Boiling: Boiling curve: Boiling length: Boiling number, definition, Boiling point, normal, Boiling range (in multicomponent mixtures): Boiling surface in boiling in vertical tubes, Boiling Water Reactor (BWR), fouling problems in, Bolted channel head in shell-and-tube exchanger, Bolted cone head in shell-and-tube heat exchanger, Bolted joints, thermal contact resistance in, Bolting, Bolting of flanges in shell-and-tube heat exchangers, Boltzmann's constant, Bonnet head, in shell-and-tube heat exchanger, Borishanski, V M, Borishanski correlation for nucleate pool boiling, Bott, T R, Boundary layer: Boussinesq approximations: Boussinesq number, definition, Bowring correlations for critical heat flux, Bracket supports for heat exchangers: Brauner, N, Brazed plate exchanger, Brazing in plate fin heat exchanger construction, Bricks, drying of, Brine recirculation, in multistage flash-evaporation, Brinkman number, Brittle fracture, Bromine: Bromley equation for film boiling from horizontal cylinders, Bromobenzene: Bromoethane: Bromomethane: Bromotrifluoromethane (Refrigerant 13B1): Brush and cage system, for fouling mitigation, BS 5500 code for mechanical design of shell-and-tube heat exchangers (see also PD 5500), Bubble crowding as mechanism of critical heat flux, Bubble flow: Bubbles: Bulk viscosity, Bundle-induced convection in kettle reboilers, Bundle layout, in condensers Buoyancy effects: Buoyancy-induced flow in channels, free convective heat transfer with, Busemann-Crocco integral, application in boundary layer equations, 1,2-Butadiene: 1,3-Butadiene: Butane: 1-Butanol: 2-Butanol: Butene-1: cis-2-Butene: trans-2-Butene: Butterworth, D, Butyl acetate: t-Butyl alcohol: Butylamine: Butylbenzene: n-Butylbenzene: n-Butylcyclohexane: Butylcyclopentane: Butylene oxide: Butyr-aldehyde: Butyric acid: Butyronitrile: Bypass (shell-and-tube bundle):
C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z

Condensation of Vapour Mixtures

DOI 10.1615/hedhme.a.000186

2.6 CONDENSATION
2.6.3 Condensation of Vapour Mixtures

A. Introduction

The author would like to acknowledge the frequent use he has made of the previous article by D. Butterworth in HEDH in 1983. His material has been expanded to include many important developments in the understanding of mixed vapour condensation.

Over this period ever increasing reliance has been placed on proprietary, computerised design and rating programs. This being so, it is more necessary than ever for the design engineer to have a good understanding of the condensation process and the limitations of the design methods available to him.

Mixture condensation differs from pure vapour condensation in two ways. Firstly the temperature of the condensing process changes through the condenser, and secondly, mass transfer effects are introduced in addition to those of heat transfer.

Figure 1 shows a typical condensation, or cooling curve, for a mixture of vapours. It is a plot of saturation, or dew temperature, Tg*, against specific enthalpy, h, and gives an approximation to the path followed by a condensation process through a condenser, (Section B).

, coolant temperature and pressure, , described in Section C(d). The formulation of the latter equation is outside the scope of this section but pressure drop is considered in for tubes and for shellside flow in tubular exchangers.

at = .

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