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A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z
Packaged units, specification of,
Packing characteristic, in cooling towers,
Packings, for cooling towers
Packings, for fixed beds:
Packinox heat exchanger,
Paints, spectral characteristics of reflectance of surfaces treated with,
Palen, J W
Panchal, C B,
Paraffins, normal and isonormal:
Paraldehyde:
Parallel channel instability, in condensers,
Partial boiling in subcooled forced convective heat transfer,
Participating media, radiation interaction in,
Particle convective component, in heat transfer from fluidized beds,
Particle emissivity,
Particle Reynolds number in fixed beds,
Particles:
Particulate fluidization,
Particulate fouling,
Pass arrangements, in plate heat exchangers,
Passes, tube side,
Passive methods, for augmentation of heat transfer, passive systems for:
PD5500 mechanical design of shell-and-tube heat exchangers to,
Peacock, D K,
Pearson number,
Peclet number
Peng-Robinson equation of state, application to hydrocarbons,
Penner's rule, in absorption of radiation by gases,
Pentachloroethane (Refrigerant 120):
Pentadecane:
Pentadecene:
Pentadiene 1, 2:
Pentadiene 1, trans 3:
Pentadiene 1, 4:
Pentadiene 2-3:
Pentafluoroethane (Refrigerant 125)
Pentamethylbenzene:
Pentane:
Pentanoic acid:
1-Pentanol:
1-Pentene:
cis-2-Pentene:
trans-2-Pentene:
Pentylacetate:
Pentylbenzene:
Pentylcyclohexane:
Pentylcyclopentane:
Pentylcyclopropane, liquid properties,
Perforated fins, in plate fin heat exchangers,
Perforated plates, loss coefficients in,
Periodic operation, of regenerator,
Periodic variations in temperature, thermal conduction in bodies with,
PFR correlation, for heat transfer in high fin tube banks,
Pharmaceutical industry, fouling of heat exchangers in,
Phase change materials, in augmentation of heat transfer,
Phase change number,
Phase equilibrium:
Phase inversion
Phase separation, as source of corrosion problems,
Phenol:
Phenols:
Phenylhydrazine:
Phonons, in thermal conductivity of solids,
Phosgene:
Physical properties:
Pi theorum, in dimensional analysis,
Pinch analysis, for heat exchanger network design,
Pioro, I L
Pioro, LS,
Pipe leads,
Piperidine:
Pipes, circular:
augmentation of heat transfer in,
boiling of binary and multicomponent mixtures in,
Pipes, noncircular:
Piping components:
Pitting corrosion, in stainless steels,
Planck's constant,
Planck's law, for spectral distribution of blackbody radiation,
Plane shells, steady-state thermal conduction in,
Plastic deformation
Plate fin heat exchangers
Plate fins, efficiency,
Plate heat exchangers:
Plate evaporator
Plates:
Plug flow:
Plug flow model, for furnaces,
Pneumatic conveyance,
Pneumatic conveying dryer,
P-NTU method:
Polarization, of thermal radiation,
Polyglycols, as heat transfer media,
Polymers:
Pool boiling,
Porous surfaces:
Port arrangements, in plate heat exchangers,
Portable fouling unit,
Poskas, P,
Postdryout heat transfer:
Powders:
Power law fluid (non-Newtonian),
Power plant:
Prandtl number
Precipitation (crystallization) fouling,
Precipitation hardening, of stainless steels,
Pressure coefficient:
Pressure control of condensers,
Pressure drop:
Pressure gradient:
Pressure, specification of in mechanical design to EN13445,
Pressure testing,
Pressure vessels, principle codes for,
Pressurised water reactor, fouling in,
Printed circuit heat exchanger,
Problem table algorithm, in pinch analysis,
Process heaters:
Progressive plastic deformation
Prolate spheroids, free convective heat transfer from,
Promoters, in dropwise condensation,
Propadiene:
Propane:
1-Propanol:
2-Propanol:
Propeller agitator,
Property ratio method, for temperature dependent physical property
Propionaldehyde:
Propionic acid:
Propionic anhydride:
Proprionitrile:
Propyl acetate:
Propylamine:
Propylbenzene:
Propylcyclohexane:
Propylcyclopentane:
Propylene:
1,3-Propylene glycol:
Propylene oxide:
Propyl formate:
Propyl propionate:
Pseudo-boiling in supercritical fluids,
Pseudo-film boiling in supercritical fluids,
Pseudocritical pressure,
Pseudocritical tempertaure,
Pugh, S F
Pulp and paper industry, fouling of heat exchangers in,
Pulsations, use in augmentation of heat transfer,
Pulverized fuel water-tube boiler,
Pumping, lost work in,
Pushkina and Sorokin correlation, for flooding in vertical tubes,
Pyramid, free convective heat transfer from,
Pyridine:
Boiling of Binary and Multicomponent Mixtures: Forced Convection Boiling
critical heat flux,
forced convective (including mass transfer effects),
nucleate boiling,
combined free and forced convection in,
flow boiling in: horizontal pipes,
free convective heat transfer from outside of,
heat transfer to, in fluidized beds,
heat transfer to liquid metals in,
laminar heat transfer in,
pneumatic conveyance (gas solids flow) in,
radiative heat transfer along,
roughened surface, radiative heat transfer along,
single-phase fluid flow and pressure drop in fully developed
transition between laminar and turbulent flows, heat transfer in turbulent heat transfer in,
two-phase gas-liquid flow in,
use in shell-and-tube heat exchangers for single-phase flow,
Index
HEDH
A
B
C
D
E
F
G
H
I
J
K
L
M
N
O
P
Packaged units, specification of,
Packing characteristic, in cooling towers,
Packings, for cooling towers
Packings, for fixed beds:
Packinox heat exchanger,
Paints, spectral characteristics of reflectance of surfaces treated with,
Palen, J W
Panchal, C B,
Paraffins, normal and isonormal:
Paraldehyde:
Parallel channel instability, in condensers,
Partial boiling in subcooled forced convective heat transfer,
Participating media, radiation interaction in,
Particle convective component, in heat transfer from fluidized beds,
Particle emissivity,
Particle Reynolds number in fixed beds,
Particles:
Particulate fluidization,
Particulate fouling,
Pass arrangements, in plate heat exchangers,
Passes, tube side,
Passive methods, for augmentation of heat transfer, passive systems for:
PD5500 mechanical design of shell-and-tube heat exchangers to,
Peacock, D K,
Pearson number,
Peclet number
Peng-Robinson equation of state, application to hydrocarbons,
Penner's rule, in absorption of radiation by gases,
Pentachloroethane (Refrigerant 120):
Pentadecane:
Pentadecene:
Pentadiene 1, 2:
Pentadiene 1, trans 3:
Pentadiene 1, 4:
Pentadiene 2-3:
Pentafluoroethane (Refrigerant 125)
Pentamethylbenzene:
Pentane:
Pentanoic acid:
1-Pentanol:
1-Pentene:
cis-2-Pentene:
trans-2-Pentene:
Pentylacetate:
Pentylbenzene:
Pentylcyclohexane:
Pentylcyclopentane:
Pentylcyclopropane, liquid properties,
Perforated fins, in plate fin heat exchangers,
Perforated plates, loss coefficients in,
Periodic operation, of regenerator,
Periodic variations in temperature, thermal conduction in bodies with,
PFR correlation, for heat transfer in high fin tube banks,
Pharmaceutical industry, fouling of heat exchangers in,
Phase change materials, in augmentation of heat transfer,
Phase change number,
Phase equilibrium:
Phase inversion
Phase separation, as source of corrosion problems,
Phenol:
Phenols:
Phenylhydrazine:
Phonons, in thermal conductivity of solids,
Phosgene:
Physical properties:
Pi theorum, in dimensional analysis,
Pinch analysis, for heat exchanger network design,
Pioro, I L
Pioro, LS,
Pipe leads,
Piperidine:
Pipes, circular:
Q
R
S
T
U
V
W
X
Y
Z
augmentation of heat transfer in,
boiling of binary and multicomponent mixtures in,
Pipes, noncircular:
Piping components:
Pitting corrosion, in stainless steels,
Planck's constant,
Planck's law, for spectral distribution of blackbody radiation,
Plane shells, steady-state thermal conduction in,
Plastic deformation
Plate fin heat exchangers
Plate fins, efficiency,
Plate heat exchangers:
Plate evaporator
Plates:
Plug flow:
Plug flow model, for furnaces,
Pneumatic conveyance,
Pneumatic conveying dryer,
P-NTU method:
Polarization, of thermal radiation,
Polyglycols, as heat transfer media,
Polymers:
Pool boiling,
Porous surfaces:
Port arrangements, in plate heat exchangers,
Portable fouling unit,
Poskas, P,
Postdryout heat transfer:
Powders:
Power law fluid (non-Newtonian),
Power plant:
Prandtl number
Precipitation (crystallization) fouling,
Precipitation hardening, of stainless steels,
Pressure coefficient:
Pressure control of condensers,
Pressure drop:
Pressure gradient:
Pressure, specification of in mechanical design to EN13445,
Pressure testing,
Pressure vessels, principle codes for,
Pressurised water reactor, fouling in,
Printed circuit heat exchanger,
Problem table algorithm, in pinch analysis,
Process heaters:
Progressive plastic deformation
Prolate spheroids, free convective heat transfer from,
Promoters, in dropwise condensation,
Propadiene:
Propane:
1-Propanol:
2-Propanol:
Propeller agitator,
Property ratio method, for temperature dependent physical property
Propionaldehyde:
Propionic acid:
Propionic anhydride:
Proprionitrile:
Propyl acetate:
Propylamine:
Propylbenzene:
Propylcyclohexane:
Propylcyclopentane:
Propylene:
1,3-Propylene glycol:
Propylene oxide:
Propyl formate:
Propyl propionate:
Pseudo-boiling in supercritical fluids,
Pseudo-film boiling in supercritical fluids,
Pseudocritical pressure,
Pseudocritical tempertaure,
Pugh, S F
Pulp and paper industry, fouling of heat exchangers in,
Pulsations, use in augmentation of heat transfer,
Pulverized fuel water-tube boiler,
Pumping, lost work in,
Pushkina and Sorokin correlation, for flooding in vertical tubes,
Pyramid, free convective heat transfer from,
Pyridine:
Boiling of Binary and Multicomponent Mixtures: Forced Convection Boiling
critical heat flux,
forced convective (including mass transfer effects),
nucleate boiling,
combined free and forced convection in,
flow boiling in: horizontal pipes,
free convective heat transfer from outside of,
heat transfer to, in fluidized beds,
heat transfer to liquid metals in,
laminar heat transfer in,
pneumatic conveyance (gas solids flow) in,
radiative heat transfer along,
roughened surface, radiative heat transfer along,
single-phase fluid flow and pressure drop in fully developed
transition between laminar and turbulent flows, heat transfer in turbulent heat transfer in,
two-phase gas-liquid flow in,
use in shell-and-tube heat exchangers for single-phase flow,
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Boiling of Binary and Multicomponent Mixtures: Forced Convection Boiling
DOI 10.1615/hedhme.a.000198
2.7 BOILING AND EVAPORATION
2.7.8 Boiling of binary and multicomponent mixtures: Forced convection boiling
J. G. Collier and G. F. Hewitt
The published literature on forced convection vaporization of mixtures is much more limited than that for pool boiling of mixtures. However, there is growing interest in the subject and useful reviews are given by Collier and Thome (1994), Fujita and Tsutsui (1997), Carey (1992) and Kandlbinder (1997). One of the earliest published studies is that of McAdams et al. (1942), who in 1940 carried out experiments using a four-pass horizontal-tube evaporator heated by steam. Each pass had three separate steam jackets to allow the local heat flux to be measured. The fluid was a benzene-oil mixture. Bulk fluid temperatures were found to increase throughout the saturated boiling length as the liquid became richer in oil. Thus, some of the heat transferred to the liquid was retained in the form of sensible heat to maintain the fluid at saturation conditions and was not available for evaporation. Average boiling heat transfer coefficients were calculated for each pass where boiling occurred in all three jackets. At a given vapor mass quality, the coefficient decreased as the oil content of the feed increased.
A number of workers [Bonnet and Gerster (1951); Shellene et al. (1968)] have studied the performance of complete reboilers. but such studies cannot provide information on the local conditions in the evaporating stream.
A. Saturated nucleate boiling
Saturated nucleate boiling will be influenced by the addition of a second component in the same qualitative manner as nucleate pool boiling (Section 197). Thus, where the heat transfer is dominated by nucleate boiling, reductions in the heat transfer coefficient may occur, as in the case of pool boiling, and can be estimated using the methodologies described in Section 197. Results in this category include those of Müller-Steinhagen and Jamialahmadi (1996), Fujita and Tsutsui (1996), Celata et al. (1996) and Steiner (1996). Typical results of this kind are shown in Figure 1.
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