Navigation by alphabet
A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z
Cabin heater,
Caetano, EF
Calcium carbonate, fouling of heat exchangers by,
Calcium sulphate, fouling of heat exchangers by,
CALFLO, heat transfer media,
Calorically perfect gas,
CANDU Reactor, fouling problems in,
Carbon dioxide:
Carbon disulfide:
Carbon monoxide:
Carbon steel:
Carbon-manganese steels
Carbon-molybdenum steels,
Carbon tetrachloride:
Carbonyl sulfide:
Carboxylic acids:
Carnot cycle in refrigeration,
Carnot factor,
Carreau fluid (non-Newtonian),
Carryover of solids in fluidized beds,
Cashman, B L,
Cast iron, thermal and mechanical properties,
Cavitation as source of damage in heat exchangers,
Cell method, for heat exchanger effectiveness,
Cement kilns,
CEN code for pressure vessels,
Centrifugal dryer,
Ceramics
Certification of heat exchangers,
Chan, S H,
Channel emissivity,
Chapman-Rubescin formula for viscosity variation with temperature,
Chemical exergy,
Chemical formulas of commonly used fluids
Chemical industry, fouling of heat exchangers in,
Chemical reactions, exergy analysis of,
Chemical reaction fouling,
Chen correlation for forced convective boiling,
Chen method, for enthalpy of vaporisation,
Chenoweth, J M,
Chevron troughs as corrugation design in plate heat exchangers,
Chillers, construction features of,
Chilton-Colburn analogy,
Chisholm, D
Chisholm correlations:
Chlorine:
Chloroacetic acid:
Chlorobenzene:
Chlorobutane:
Chlorodifluoromethane (see Refrigerant 22)
1-Chloro-1,1-difluoroethane (Refrigerant 142b):
Chloroethane (Refrigerant 160):
Chloromethane (Refrigerant 40):
Chloropentane:
1,2-Chloropentafluoroethane (Refrigerant 115):
Chloroprene (2-Chloro-1,3-butadiene):
1-Chloropropane:
2-Chloropropane:
m-Chlorotoluene:
o-Chlorotoluene:
Chlorotrifluoroethylene:
Chlorotrifluoromethane (see Refrigerant 13)
Chromium-molybdenum steels,
Chudnovsky, Y,
Chugging flow (gas-liquid), in shell-and-tube heat exchangers,
Chung et al method, for viscosity of low pressure gases,
Church and Prausnitz methods:
Churchill, S W,
Churchill and Chu correlations for free convective heat transfer:
Churn flow, regions of occurrence of,
Circles, radiative heat transfer shape factors between parallel coaxial,
Circular girth flanges, design according to ASME VIII code,
Circulating fluidized beds,
Circulation, modes of in free convection: in enclosures heated from below,
CISE correlations for void fractions,
Clausius-Clapeyron relationship:
Cleaning:
Climbing film evaporator,
Closed circuit cooling towers,
Coalescence of bubbles in fluidized beds,
Coatings for corrosion protection
Cocurrent flow:
Codes, mechanical design:
Cogeneration
Colburn and Drew method for binary vapor condensation,
Colburn and Hougen method for condensation in presence of noncondensable gases
Colburn equation for single-phase heat transfer outside tube banks,
Colburn j factor:
Colebrook-White equation for friction factor in rough circular pipe,
Coles, law of the wake,
Collier, J G,
Combined free and forced convection heat transfer:
Combined heat and mass transfer,
Combining flow, loss coefficients in,
Combustion model for furnaces,
Compact heat exchangers (see Plate fin heat exchangers)
Compartment dryers,
Composite curves, in the pinch analysis method for heat exchanger network analysis:
Compressed liquids, density of:
Compressible flow:
Compression, exergy analysis of
Compressive stress, in heat exchanger tubes,
Computer-aided design, of evaporators,
Computer program for Monte Carlo calculations of radiative heat transfer,
Computer simulation, of fouling,
Computer software for mechanical design,
Concentration, choice of evaporator type for,
Concentric spheres, free convective heat transfer in,
Concurrency corrections in plate heat exchangers,
Condensation:
Concrete, lightweight, submerged combustion system for,
Condensation curves:
Condenser/preheater tubes, in multistage flash evaporation,
Condensers:
Conduction, heat:
Conductors, thermal conductivity of,
Cones, under internal pressure, EN13445 guidelines for,
Cones, vertical:
Conical shells, mechanical design of:
Conjugate radiation interactions
Connors equation for fluid elastic instability,
Conservation equations:
Constantinon and Gani method, for estimating normal boiling point,
Contact angle,
Contact resistance:
Continuity equation:
Continuum model, for fluids,
Continuum theories, for non-Newtonian fluids,
Contraction, sudden, pressure drop in:
Control:
Control volume method, in finite difference solutions for conduction,
Convection, interaction of radiation with,
Convection effects, on heat transfer in kettle reboilers,
Convective heat transfer, single-phase:
Conversion factors:
Conveyor, gravity:
Cooling curves, in condensation,
Cooling towers:
Cooling water fouling,
Cooper correlation, for nucleate boiling,
Cooper, Anthony,
Copper, thermal and mechanical properties,
Copper alloys,
Correlation, general nature of,
Corresponding states principle
Corrosion:
Corrugation design, for plate heat exchangers
Costing of heat exchangers:
Countercurrent flow:
Coupled thermal fields, in transient conduction,
Cowie, R C,
Crank-Nicolson differencing scheme, in finite difference method,
Creeping flow, in combined free and forced convection around immersed bodies,
m-Cresol:
o-Cresol:
p-Cresol:
Crevice corrosion, in stainless steels,
Critical constants
Critical density, of commonly used fluids,
Critical flow, in gas-liquid systems,
Critical heat flux:
Critical pressure:
Critical Rayleigh number, in free convection,
Critical temperature:
Critical velocity, in stratification in bends and horizontal tubes,
Critical volume (see also Critical density)
Cross counterflow heat exchangers,
Crossflow:
Crude oil, fouling of heat exchangers:
Cryogenic plant, entropy generation in,
Crystallization
Crystallization fouling,
Curved ducts:
Cut-and-twist factor, in enhancement of heat transfer in double pipe heat exchangers,
C-value method for heat exchanger costing,
Cycling, of expansion bellows,
Cyclobutane:
Cyclohexane:
Cyclohexanol:
Cyclohexene:
Cyclopentane:
Cyclopentene:
Cyclopropane:
Cylinders:
Cylindrical contacts, thermal contact resistance in,
Cylindrical coordinates, finite difference equations for conduction in,
Cylindrical shell, analytical basis of code rules for,
Index
HEDH
A
B
C
Cabin heater,
Caetano, EF
Calcium carbonate, fouling of heat exchangers by,
Calcium sulphate, fouling of heat exchangers by,
CALFLO, heat transfer media,
Calorically perfect gas,
CANDU Reactor, fouling problems in,
Carbon dioxide:
Carbon disulfide:
Carbon monoxide:
Carbon steel:
Carbon-manganese steels
Carbon-molybdenum steels,
Carbon tetrachloride:
Carbonyl sulfide:
Carboxylic acids:
Carnot cycle in refrigeration,
Carnot factor,
Carreau fluid (non-Newtonian),
Carryover of solids in fluidized beds,
Cashman, B L,
Cast iron, thermal and mechanical properties,
Cavitation as source of damage in heat exchangers,
Cell method, for heat exchanger effectiveness,
Cement kilns,
CEN code for pressure vessels,
Centrifugal dryer,
Ceramics
Certification of heat exchangers,
Chan, S H,
Channel emissivity,
Chapman-Rubescin formula for viscosity variation with temperature,
Chemical exergy,
Chemical formulas of commonly used fluids
Chemical industry, fouling of heat exchangers in,
Chemical reactions, exergy analysis of,
Chemical reaction fouling,
Chen correlation for forced convective boiling,
Chen method, for enthalpy of vaporisation,
Chenoweth, J M,
Chevron troughs as corrugation design in plate heat exchangers,
Chillers, construction features of,
Chilton-Colburn analogy,
Chisholm, D
Chisholm correlations:
Chlorine:
Chloroacetic acid:
Chlorobenzene:
Chlorobutane:
Chlorodifluoromethane (see Refrigerant 22)
1-Chloro-1,1-difluoroethane (Refrigerant 142b):
Chloroethane (Refrigerant 160):
Chloromethane (Refrigerant 40):
Chloropentane:
1,2-Chloropentafluoroethane (Refrigerant 115):
Chloroprene (2-Chloro-1,3-butadiene):
1-Chloropropane:
2-Chloropropane:
m-Chlorotoluene:
o-Chlorotoluene:
Chlorotrifluoroethylene:
Chlorotrifluoromethane (see Refrigerant 13)
Chromium-molybdenum steels,
Chudnovsky, Y,
Chugging flow (gas-liquid), in shell-and-tube heat exchangers,
Chung et al method, for viscosity of low pressure gases,
Church and Prausnitz methods:
Churchill, S W,
Churchill and Chu correlations for free convective heat transfer:
Churn flow, regions of occurrence of,
Circles, radiative heat transfer shape factors between parallel coaxial,
Circular girth flanges, design according to ASME VIII code,
Circulating fluidized beds,
Circulation, modes of in free convection: in enclosures heated from below,
CISE correlations for void fractions,
Clausius-Clapeyron relationship:
Cleaning:
Climbing film evaporator,
Closed circuit cooling towers,
Coalescence of bubbles in fluidized beds,
Coatings for corrosion protection
Cocurrent flow:
Codes, mechanical design:
Cogeneration
Colburn and Drew method for binary vapor condensation,
Colburn and Hougen method for condensation in presence of noncondensable gases
Colburn equation for single-phase heat transfer outside tube banks,
Colburn j factor:
Colebrook-White equation for friction factor in rough circular pipe,
Coles, law of the wake,
Collier, J G,
Combined free and forced convection heat transfer:
Combined heat and mass transfer,
Combining flow, loss coefficients in,
Combustion model for furnaces,
Compact heat exchangers (see Plate fin heat exchangers)
Compartment dryers,
Composite curves, in the pinch analysis method for heat exchanger network analysis:
Compressed liquids, density of:
Compressible flow:
Compression, exergy analysis of
Compressive stress, in heat exchanger tubes,
Computer-aided design, of evaporators,
Computer program for Monte Carlo calculations of radiative heat transfer,
Computer simulation, of fouling,
Computer software for mechanical design,
Concentration, choice of evaporator type for,
Concentric spheres, free convective heat transfer in,
Concurrency corrections in plate heat exchangers,
Condensation:
Concrete, lightweight, submerged combustion system for,
Condensation curves:
Condenser/preheater tubes, in multistage flash evaporation,
Condensers:
Conduction, heat:
Conductors, thermal conductivity of,
Cones, under internal pressure, EN13445 guidelines for,
Cones, vertical:
Conical shells, mechanical design of:
Conjugate radiation interactions
Connors equation for fluid elastic instability,
Conservation equations:
Constantinon and Gani method, for estimating normal boiling point,
Contact angle,
Contact resistance:
Continuity equation:
Continuum model, for fluids,
Continuum theories, for non-Newtonian fluids,
Contraction, sudden, pressure drop in:
Control:
Control volume method, in finite difference solutions for conduction,
Convection, interaction of radiation with,
Convection effects, on heat transfer in kettle reboilers,
Convective heat transfer, single-phase:
Conversion factors:
Conveyor, gravity:
Cooling curves, in condensation,
Cooling towers:
Cooling water fouling,
Cooper correlation, for nucleate boiling,
Cooper, Anthony,
Copper, thermal and mechanical properties,
Copper alloys,
Correlation, general nature of,
Corresponding states principle
Corrosion:
Corrugation design, for plate heat exchangers
Costing of heat exchangers:
Countercurrent flow:
Coupled thermal fields, in transient conduction,
Cowie, R C,
Crank-Nicolson differencing scheme, in finite difference method,
Creeping flow, in combined free and forced convection around immersed bodies,
m-Cresol:
o-Cresol:
p-Cresol:
Crevice corrosion, in stainless steels,
Critical constants
Critical density, of commonly used fluids,
Critical flow, in gas-liquid systems,
Critical heat flux:
Critical pressure:
Critical Rayleigh number, in free convection,
Critical temperature:
Critical velocity, in stratification in bends and horizontal tubes,
Critical volume (see also Critical density)
Cross counterflow heat exchangers,
Crossflow:
Crude oil, fouling of heat exchangers:
Cryogenic plant, entropy generation in,
Crystallization
Crystallization fouling,
Curved ducts:
Cut-and-twist factor, in enhancement of heat transfer in double pipe heat exchangers,
C-value method for heat exchanger costing,
Cycling, of expansion bellows,
Cyclobutane:
Cyclohexane:
Cyclohexanol:
Cyclohexene:
Cyclopentane:
Cyclopentene:
Cyclopropane:
Cylinders:
Cylindrical contacts, thermal contact resistance in,
Cylindrical coordinates, finite difference equations for conduction in,
Cylindrical shell, analytical basis of code rules for,
D
E
F
G
H
I
J
K
L
M
N
O
P
Q
R
S
T
U
V
W
X
Y
Z
Download the citation in the EndNote formatOpen in a new tab.
Download the citation in the RefWorks formatOpen in a new tab.
Download the citation in the BibTex formatOpen in a new tab.
Phase Behaviour of Mixtures
DOI 10.1615/hedhme.a.000503
5.2 PROPERTIES OF MIXTURES OF FLUIDS
5.2.1. Density of fluid mixtures
A. Fenghour
A. Introduction
Practical methods for the calculation of the density of gas and liquid mixtures as a function of temperature and pressure are presented in this section. The methods are illustrated with worked examples and the results compared with experimental data. Methods based on the corresponding states principle are quite accurate and can be used up to high pressure, of the order of several hundred bar. The virial approach is accurate at low pressures but its performance worsens with increasing pressure and is not recommended above about 50 bar. For saturated liquid mixtures the correlations proposed by Hankinson and Thomson (1979) and Spencer and Danner (1973) are recommended. For compressed liquid mixtures the method of Thomson et al. (1982) is quite accurate. Only methods which are easy to implement have been selected. More elaborate thermodynamic models such as equations of state, which in principle allow the calculation of all the thermodynamic properties of single substances or mixtures, are beyond the scope of this article because their implementation would require the development of computer programs with lengthy testing periods. Wherever possible guidelines on the accuracy of the recommended methods are provided.
B. Gas mixtures
(a) Corresponding states principle
In the application of the corresponding states principle to mixtures it is necessary first to determine the pseudocritical parameters of the mixture of interest. In Section 508 it is shown how to estimate these scaling parameters through a process of averaging of the constants of the pure constituent components. Once the pseudocritical parameters of a given mixture have been determined, the procedure outlined in Section 499B can be used. This procedure treats the mixture as a fictitious substance, or pseudo-component, when its compression factor Zm(Tr,pr) at reduced conditions of temperature and pressure is given by the following three-parameter correlation (Pitzer et al., 1955):
... You need a subscriptionOpen in a new tab. to view the full text of the article. If you already have the subscription, please login here
© 2024 by Begell House, Inc.