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Hagen-Poiseuille law Hagen-Rubens relation, between electrical and optical constants, Hall Taylor, N S, Halogenated hydrocarbons: Handley and Heggs equation for fixed bed pressure drop, Hankinson and Thomson method, for liquid density: Hardening (precipative) of stainless steels, Hardwick, R, Harris, D, Hausen equation for developing laminar flow, Hays, G F Headers in shell-and-tube heat exchangers, Heads, in heat exchangers: Heat and mass transfer: Heat exchanger design, introduction, Heat exchangers: Heat of vaporisation (see Enthalpy of vaporisation), of pure substances
Properties of Saturated Fluids Physical Properties of Liquids at Temperatures Below Their Boiling Point
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HEDH
A B C D E F G H
Hagen-Poiseuille law Hagen-Rubens relation, between electrical and optical constants, Hall Taylor, N S, Halogenated hydrocarbons: Handley and Heggs equation for fixed bed pressure drop, Hankinson and Thomson method, for liquid density: Hardening (precipative) of stainless steels, Hardwick, R, Harris, D, Hausen equation for developing laminar flow, Hays, G F Headers in shell-and-tube heat exchangers, Heads, in heat exchangers: Heat and mass transfer: Heat exchanger design, introduction, Heat exchangers: Heat of vaporisation (see Enthalpy of vaporisation), of pure substances
Properties of Saturated Fluids Physical Properties of Liquids at Temperatures Below Their Boiling Point
Heat pipes: Heat pumping, relation to heat exchanger network design, Heat storage (see Regenerators and thermal energy storage) entropy generation in, Heat transfer: Heat transfer coefficient: Heat transfer media, Heat transfer salt, Heat transfer regimes: Heat of vaporization, Heated cavity reflectometer, Heating media, for reboilers, Heavy water, physical properties of, Heggs, P J, Helical coils of circular cross section: Helical coils of rectangular cross section, Helical inserts, for enhancement of heat transfer in boiling, Helium: Helmholtz reciprocity principle, in radiative heat transfer, Henry, J A R, Henry-Fauske model, for critical two-phase flow, Henry's law, for partial pressure, Heptadecane: Heptadecene: Heptane: 1-Heptanol: 1-Heptene: Herman, K W, Hermes, C L L, Heterogeneous conveyance in horizontal pipes, Heterogeneous nucleation in boiling, Hewitt, G F Hexachloroethane (Refrigerant 116): Hexacyclopentane, superheated vapor properties, Hexadecane: Hexadecene: 1,5-Hexadiene: Hexagonal cells, in free convection, Hexamethylbenzene: Hexane: Hexanoic acid: 1-Hexanol: 1-Hexene: Hexylbenzene: Hexylcyclohexane: Hexylcyclopentane, Hicks equation, for fixed-bed pressure drop, High pressure closures, ASME VIII code guidance for, High-chrome steels, thermal and mechanical properties, High-finned tubes, correlations for single-phase heat transfer in flow over, Hills, P D Hohlraum cavity, Holdup, in liquid-liquid flow, Holland, guide to national practice for mechanical design of heat exchangers, Homogeneous condensation (fog formation), Homogeneous model: Homogeneous nucleation: Honeycombs: Hopkins, D, Horizontal condensers: Horizontal cylinders: Horizontal layers, of fluid, free convection heat transfer in, Horizontal pipes: Horizontal shell-side evaporator, Horizontal surfaces: Horizontal thermosiphon reboilers: Horizontal tube-side evaporator, Horizontal tubes: Hottel's rule, in absorption of radiation by gases, Hsu criterion, for onset of nucleate boiling, Hybrid cooling towers, Hydraulic conveyance: Hydraulic expansion, of tubes into tube sheets in shell-and-tube heat exchangers, Hydraulic turbine, lost work in, Hydraulic resistance, in flow of supercritical fluids, Hydraulically smooth surface, Hydrazine: Hydrocarbons: Hydrodynamic entrance length, in single-phase flow in ducts, Hydrogen: Hydrogen bromide: Hydrogen chloride: Hydrogen cyanide: Hydrogen fluoride: Hydrogen iodide: Hydrogen peroxide: Hydrogen sulfide: Hydrostatic testing of shell-and-tube heat exchangers, Hysteresis:
I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z
H Heat of vaporisation (see Enthalpy of vaporisation), of pure substances
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Properties of Saturated Fluids

DOI 10.1615/hedhme.a.000524

5.5 PHYSICAL PROPERTY DATA TABLES
5.5.1 Properties of saturated fluids

Clive F. Beaton

In this section the thermophysical properties of fluids are presented for the two-phase region — that is to say, from the normal boiling point to the critical point. Data are presented wherever possible from internationally recognised sources. THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES are often available from an equation of state representing the PVT behaviour of the fluid, and provide a consistent set of interdependent values. Typical compounds are those listed in Section 525. Data for the properties at the saturation temperature can be derived from theoretical relationships. More usually, however, the ideal gas heat capacity and properties of the saturated liquid below the boiling point are taken from the literature and correlated by methods referred to in Section 5.1 (Tables in Section 533 and Section 534) provide data values for a randomly chosen list of compounds.

The most generally reliable procedure for obtaining data for the saturated vapour is by the Lee-Kesler generalised equation of state (Lee and Kesler, 1975). The latent heat of vaporisation can be predicted reliably by the Clausius-Clapeyron equation when good vapour pressure and density data are available (Section 500-4). The liquid enthalpy can then be evaluated at pressures above the normal boiling point by difference from the vapour enthalpy. This is represented graphically in Figure 1. This is the method preferred in this revision as it provides a common basis for estimating mixture data. When liquid enthalpies can be derived by integration of the specific heat capacity they are less reliable at temperatures above the normal boiling point.

Figure 1 Temperature-enthalpy diagram

The TRANSPORT PROPERTIES of many important fluids have been similarly studied, and all such known sources have been consulted. (See Section 537 for specific examples). The properties of liquids can be measured relatively easily, and are well established for many fluids up to temperatures of 0.9Tc. For the saturated vapour, however, few reliable measurements have been made because of inherent experimental difficulties. The generalised procedures of Thodos and co-workers (Jossi et al., 1962; Stiel and Thodos, 1964a; Stiel and Thodos, 1964b) have been used to derive values for the saturated vapour from ideal gas data, using density as the independent variable. Figures on pp. 25 and 27 of Section 526 illustrate the effect of pressure on the properties of steam.

A thorough survey of the liquid viscosity and thermal conductivity of groups of compounds in homologous series has been made by the Engineering Sciences Data Unit over a number of years, and these are used whenever possible. The authors recommend that their equations should not be extrapolated beyond a reduced temperature of 0.9; the tables are therefore limited; in particular liquid thermal conductivity will increase towards the critical point at higher temperatures.

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