170--Banks of Plain and Finned Tubes

doi:10.1615/hedhme.a.000170

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A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z

Absorbing media, interaction phenomena in, Absorption of thermal radiation: Absorption coefficient, Absorption spectra in gases, Absorptivity: Acentric factor: Acetaldehyde: Acetic acid: Acetic anhydride: Acetone: Acetonitrile: Acetophenone: Acetylene: Acetylenes Ackerman correction factor in condensation, Acoustic methods, for fouling mitigation, Acoustic vibration of heat exchangers, Acrolein: Acrylic acid: Active systems for augmentation of heat transfer: Additives: Adiabatic flows, compressible, in duct, Admiralty brass, Advanced models for furnaces, Agitated beds, heat transfer to, Agitated vessels, Ahmad scaling method for critical heat flux in flow boiling of nonaqueous fluids, Air: Air-activated gravity conveyor, Air-cooled heat exchangers: Air preheaters, fouling in, Albedo for single scatter in radiation, Alcohols: Aldehydes: Aldred, D L, Allyl alcohol: Allyl chloride (-chloropropane) Alternating direction (ADR) method, for solution of implicit finite difference equations, Aluminum, spectral characteristics of anodized surfaces, Aluminum alloys, thermal and mechanical properties, Aluminium brass, Ambrose-Walton corresponding states method, for vapour pressure, Amides: Amines: Ammonia: tert-Amyl alcohol: Analogy between heat and mass and momentum transfer Analytical solution of groups, for calculation of thermodynamic Anelasticity, Angled tubes, use in increasing flooding rate in reflux condensation, Aniline: Anisotropy of elastic properties, Annular distributor in shell-and-tube heat exchangers, Annular ducts: Annular (radial) fins, efficiency

Melting and Solidification Banks of Plain and Finned Tubes

Annular flow (gas-liquid): Annular flow (liquid-liquid), Annular flow (liquid-liquid-gas), Anti-foulants, Antoine equation, for vapour pressure, Aqueous solutions, as heat transfer media, Arc welding of tubes into tube sheets: Archimedes number, Area of tube outside surface in shell-and-tube heat exchangers: Argon: Arithmetic mean temperature difference, definition, Armstrong, Robert C Aromatics: ASME VIII code, for mechanical design of shell-and-tube heat exchangers: Assisted convection: Attachment, of fouling layers, Augmentation of heat transfer Austenitic stainless steels, Average phase velocity in multiphase flows, Axial flow reboilers, Axial wire attachments, for augmentation of condensation, Azeotropes, condensation of

Index

HEDH

A

Absorbing media, interaction phenomena in, Absorption of thermal radiation: Absorption coefficient, Absorption spectra in gases, Absorptivity: Acentric factor: Acetaldehyde: Acetic acid: Acetic anhydride: Acetone: Acetonitrile: Acetophenone: Acetylene: Acetylenes Ackerman correction factor in condensation, Acoustic methods, for fouling mitigation, Acoustic vibration of heat exchangers, Acrolein: Acrylic acid: Active systems for augmentation of heat transfer: Additives: Adiabatic flows, compressible, in duct, Admiralty brass, Advanced models for furnaces, Agitated beds, heat transfer to, Agitated vessels, Ahmad scaling method for critical heat flux in flow boiling of nonaqueous fluids, Air: Air-activated gravity conveyor, Air-cooled heat exchangers: Air preheaters, fouling in, Albedo for single scatter in radiation, Alcohols: Aldehydes: Aldred, D L, Allyl alcohol: Allyl chloride (-chloropropane) Alternating direction (ADR) method, for solution of implicit finite difference equations, Aluminum, spectral characteristics of anodized surfaces, Aluminum alloys, thermal and mechanical properties, Aluminium brass, Ambrose-Walton corresponding states method, for vapour pressure, Amides: Amines: Ammonia: tert-Amyl alcohol: Analogy between heat and mass and momentum transfer Analytical solution of groups, for calculation of thermodynamic Anelasticity, Angled tubes, use in increasing flooding rate in reflux condensation, Aniline: Anisotropy of elastic properties, Annular distributor in shell-and-tube heat exchangers, Annular ducts: Annular (radial) fins, efficiency

Melting and Solidification Banks of Plain and Finned Tubes

Annular flow (gas-liquid): Annular flow (liquid-liquid), Annular flow (liquid-liquid-gas), Anti-foulants, Antoine equation, for vapour pressure, Aqueous solutions, as heat transfer media, Arc welding of tubes into tube sheets: Archimedes number, Area of tube outside surface in shell-and-tube heat exchangers: Argon: Arithmetic mean temperature difference, definition, Armstrong, Robert C Aromatics: ASME VIII code, for mechanical design of shell-and-tube heat exchangers: Assisted convection: Attachment, of fouling layers, Augmentation of heat transfer Austenitic stainless steels, Average phase velocity in multiphase flows, Axial flow reboilers, Axial wire attachments, for augmentation of condensation, Azeotropes, condensation of

B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z

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Banks of Plain and Finned Tubes

DOI 10.1615/hedhme.a.000170

2.5.3 Banks of Plain and Finned Tubes

A. Žukauskas, A. Skrinska, J. V. Žiugžda, and V. Gnielinski

Banks of plain and finned tubes are one of the most important arrangements for heat transfer. In what follows, Section A deals with plain tubes and Section B introduces general features of finned tubes. Sections C and D then deal with prediction methods for high fin and low fin tubes respectively.

A. Banks of plain tubes

(a) Introduction

In the field of power generation, in the chemical industries, and in other technologies, heat exchangers involving tubes in crossflow are widely employed. A bundle of circular tubes is one of the most common heat transfer surfaces, particularly in shell – and tube heat exchangers.

Detailed studies have established the relation between the heat transfer and the arrangement of tubes within the bundle (staggered or in-line), and have also established the effect of relative transverse (a = s₁ /d), longitudinal (b = s₂ /d) and diagonal (b₁ = s' /d) pitches (as defined in Figure 1). The fluid approaches the bundle at an angle ψ to the axis of the tube, the "yaw angle". The most common case is where the fluid approaches in a direction normal to the tube axes (ψ = 90°), but often tubes operate at different yaw angles ψ to the flow, and this affects the heat transfer behaviour. Inside a bundle, the flow converges in the intertube spaces and forms a highly turbulent flow over the inner tubes. The recirculation region in the rear of an inner tube is smaller than that for a single tube. The situation is governed by the relative pitches and the bundle geometry. The more compact a bundle is, the larger is the deviation in heat transfer from the single-tube situation. The average heat transfer coefficient depends on the number of longitudinal rows because changes in the turbulence level in inner rows and because of the inlet-outlet effects.

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