A. Flow regimes

In this section, flows past bodies of finite length will be considered. The emphasis will be on low-speed flow, which means that the velocity in the whole flow field should not exceed 30% of the speed of sound.

For high-speed flows past bodies, the reader is referred to special literature on gas dynamics; see Liepmann and Roshko (1957) [1], Oswatitsch (1976 [2] and 1977) [3], Becker (1966) [4], Zierep (1976) [5], Shapiro (1954) [6], and Tsien (1958) [8]

The flow pattern past immersed bodies is characterized by the Reynolds number, defined as

$$\label{eq1} \mbox{Re}=\dfrac{\rho Vl}{\eta}=\frac{Vl}{\nu}\tag{1}$$