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Vacuum equipment, operational problems of, Vacuum operation, of reboilers, Valle, A, Valves: Vaned bends, single-phase flow and pressure drop in, Vapor blanketing, as mechanism of critical heat flux, Vapor injection, effect of on boiling heat transfer in tube bundles, Vapor-liquid disengagement, in kettle reboilers, Vapor-liquid separation, for evaporators, Vapor mixtures, condensation of, Vapor pressure, Vapor recompression, in evaporation, Vaporization, choice of evaporator type for, Vaporizer, double bundle, constructional features, Vapors, saturation properties of, Vapors, properties of superheated, Vasiliev, L, Vassilicos, J C, Velocity defect law: Velocity distribution: Velocity fluctuations, in turbulent pipe flow, Velocity ratio (slip ratio): Venting of condensers Vertical condensers: Vertical cylindrical fired heater, Vertical pipes:
annular flow in, boiling in, bubble flow in, combined free and forced convective heat transfer in, condensation in, condensers with condensation inside, condensers with condensation outside flooding in: in gas-liquid vertical flow, flow regimes in gas-liquid flow in, flow regimes in liquid-liquid flow in, free convective heat transfer from outside, hydraulic conveyance in, plug (or slug) flow in, supercritical heat transfer in
Heat Transfer to Supercritical Fluids
pneumatic conveyance in,
Vertical surfaces: Vertical thermosiphon reboilers: Vessels of non-circular cross section, design to ASME VIII code, Vessels of rectangular cross section, EN13445 guidance for, Vetere method, for enthalpy of vaporisation, Vibrated beds, heat transfer to, Vibration: Vinyl acetate: Vinyl benzene: Vinyl chloride: Virial equation: Virk equation for maximum drag reduction, Visco-elastic fluids, flow of, Viscometric functions (non-Newtonian flow), methods of determining, Viscosity: Viscosity number (Vi), Viscous dissipation, influence on heat transfer in non-Newtonian flows, Viscous heat generation, in scraped sauce heat exchangers, Viscous sublayer, in duct flow, Void fraction, Voidage, in fixed beds, definition, Volumetric heat transfer coefficient, Volumetric mass transfer coefficient, von Karman friction factor equation for fully rough surface, von Karman velocity defect law, Vortex flow, in helical coils of rectangular cross section, Vortex flow model, for twisted tube heat exchangers, Vortex shedding:

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A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V
Vacuum equipment, operational problems of, Vacuum operation, of reboilers, Valle, A, Valves: Vaned bends, single-phase flow and pressure drop in, Vapor blanketing, as mechanism of critical heat flux, Vapor injection, effect of on boiling heat transfer in tube bundles, Vapor-liquid disengagement, in kettle reboilers, Vapor-liquid separation, for evaporators, Vapor mixtures, condensation of, Vapor pressure, Vapor recompression, in evaporation, Vaporization, choice of evaporator type for, Vaporizer, double bundle, constructional features, Vapors, saturation properties of, Vapors, properties of superheated, Vasiliev, L, Vassilicos, J C, Velocity defect law: Velocity distribution: Velocity fluctuations, in turbulent pipe flow, Velocity ratio (slip ratio): Venting of condensers Vertical condensers: Vertical cylindrical fired heater, Vertical pipes:
annular flow in, boiling in, bubble flow in, combined free and forced convective heat transfer in, condensation in, condensers with condensation inside, condensers with condensation outside flooding in: in gas-liquid vertical flow, flow regimes in gas-liquid flow in, flow regimes in liquid-liquid flow in, free convective heat transfer from outside, hydraulic conveyance in, plug (or slug) flow in, supercritical heat transfer in
Heat Transfer to Supercritical Fluids
pneumatic conveyance in,
Vertical surfaces: Vertical thermosiphon reboilers: Vessels of non-circular cross section, design to ASME VIII code, Vessels of rectangular cross section, EN13445 guidance for, Vetere method, for enthalpy of vaporisation, Vibrated beds, heat transfer to, Vibration: Vinyl acetate: Vinyl benzene: Vinyl chloride: Virial equation: Virk equation for maximum drag reduction, Visco-elastic fluids, flow of, Viscometric functions (non-Newtonian flow), methods of determining, Viscosity: Viscosity number (Vi), Viscous dissipation, influence on heat transfer in non-Newtonian flows, Viscous heat generation, in scraped sauce heat exchangers, Viscous sublayer, in duct flow, Void fraction, Voidage, in fixed beds, definition, Volumetric heat transfer coefficient, Volumetric mass transfer coefficient, von Karman friction factor equation for fully rough surface, von Karman velocity defect law, Vortex flow, in helical coils of rectangular cross section, Vortex flow model, for twisted tube heat exchangers, Vortex shedding:
W X Y Z
V Vertical pipes: supercritical heat transfer in
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Heat Transfer to Supercritical Fluids

DOI 10.1615/hedhme.a.000152

2.2.10 Heat transfer to supercritical fluids

I. L. Pioro

Prior to a general discussion on heat transfer to supercritical fluids it is important to define special terms and expressions used at these conditions. Therefore, general definitions of selected terms and expressions related to critical and supercritical pressures are listed in Part A of this section (for additional details, see also #%SECTION_5.1.16_%#). For better understanding of these terms and expressions a thermodynamic diagram is shown in Figure 1. General definitions of selected terms and expressions related to heat transfer at critical and supercritical pressures are listed in Part D of this section.

Figure 1 Pressure-temperature diagram for water

A. General definitions of selected terms and expressions related to fluids at critical and supercritical pressures

Compressed fluid is a fluid at a pressure above the critical pressure but at a temperature below the critical temperature.

Critical point (also called a critical state) is the point where the distinction between the liquid and gas (or vapour) phases disappears, i.e., both phases have the same temperature, pressure and volume. The critical point is characterized by the phase state parameters Tcr, pcr and Vcr, which have unique values for each pure substance.

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