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Rabas and Taborek correlation, for heat transfer in banks of low fin tubes, Rackett equation (modified) for liquid density Radiation: Radiation shields, in radiation heat transfer, Radiation source analysis, Radiative heat transfer: Radiators, automotive, construction, Radiometers, application in gas radiation property measurement, Radiosity, Stephan's law for, Radiosity-irradiation formulations in radiative heat transfer, Rankine cycle in refrigeration, Rao, B K Raoult's law for partial pressure, Rating of heat exchangers, Rayleigh instability, in free convection, Rayleigh number Reay, D Reboilers: Reciprocal mode integrating sphere, for reflection and transmission measurements in radiation, Rectangles: Rectangular ducts: Rectangular enclosures, free convective heat transfer in: Rectangular fins, for plate fin exchangers Reduced pressure, correlations for pool boiling using, Reference temperature: Refinery processes, fouling in, Reflection, of thermal radiation, from solid surfaces: Reflectivity, of solid surfaces, Reflectometer, heated cavity, Reflux condensers, Refractories, density of, Refractory surfaces, Refrigerants: Refrigerant 11 (Trichlorofluoromethane): Refrigerant 12 (Dichlorodifluoromethane): Refrigerant 13 (Chlorotrifluoromethane): Refrigerant 21 (Dichlorofluoromethane): Refrigerant 22 (Chlorodifluoromethane): Refrigerant 116: Refrigerant plant, entropy generation in, Refrigeration, heat transfer in, Regenerators and thermal energy storage, Regimes of heat transfer, in ducts, single phase flow, Reidel method, for predicting enthalpy of vaporisation, Reinforcing rings, for expansion bellows, Relaminarization, of turbulent flow, Reichenberg method, for effect of pressure on gas viscosity, Relief system design for shell-and-tube heat exchangers with tube side failure, Removal of fouling deposits: Renewable fuels, properties of, Renotherm, heat transfer medium, Repair, of expansion bellows, Residence times, in dryers: Resistance network analysis, Resistance (thermal) due to fouling: Reversible (minimum) work, in Reynolds number, Reynolds stress models, for turbulence, Rheologically complex materials, properties of: Rheological properties of drag reducing agents Rheology, shear flow experiments used in, Rhine, J M, Ribatski, G, Riblets for drag reduction, Richardson number, Richie, J M, Ring cells, in free convection, RODbaffles, in tube bundles with longitudinal flow, Rod bundles: Rohsenow correlation, for nucleate boiling, Roll cells, in free convection, Roller expansion, of tubes into tube sheets, Rose, J W, Rossby number, Rotary dryer, Rotating drums, heat transfer to particle bed in, Rotating surface, in an annular duct Rotation, as device for heat transfer augmentation, Roughness, surface: Rough walled passages, radiative heat transfer down, Rubber (sponge) balls, in fouling mitigation, Ryznar index for water quality,
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Extended Surfaces and Fin Efficiency

DOI 10.1615/hedhme.a.000167

2.4.9 Extended Surfaces and Fin Efficiency

A. Introduction

Extended (fumed) surfaces are used widely in heat transfer applications. Heat transfer in such systems is by conduction from the base surface along the fin with subsequent convective heat transfer from the fin into the surrounding fluid. If the material of the fin has a very high thermal conductivity, then its surface will be at nearly uniform temperature and the heat release from the finned surface will be governed only by the heat transport phenomena between the surface and the surrounding fluid (i.e. the convective heat transfer). However, for practical systems, the conduction in the fins is of significance and the fins will be less efficient in transferring heat than would those with very high conductivity. Here we will define a fin efficiency which is the ratio of the heat-transfer rate from a given fin system to that which would occur if the fin had infinite thermal conductivity.

In this present Section, the question of fin efficiency is dealt with on the assumption that the coefficient of heat transfer from the finned surface is known. Methods for the estimation of such coefficients are given in the relevant convective heat transfer sections (for instance Section 170 for heat transfer from finned tube banks in single phase flow).

In what follows, Section B describes the operating principles of extended surfaces and Section C describes examples of the various types of extended surface which have been employed. Sections D, E and F deal with the classical, simplified and weighted fin efficiencies for single phase convection from the fins. Section G deals with fin efficiency under radiation, condensation and boiling conditions and, finally, Section H gives a brief discussion of heat transfer enhancement of the finned surfaces themselves.

B. Operational principles of extended surfaces

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