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E-type shells in shell-and-tube heat exchangers:
Ebert and Panchal equation, for crude oil fouling,
Eckert number,
Eddy viscosity:
Eddy diffusivity, of heat,
Edge, D,
Edwards, D K
EEC code for thermal design of heat exchangers,
Effective diffusivity,
Effective thermal conductivity of fixed beds,
Effective tube length in shell-and-tube heat exchangers,
Effectiveness of a heat exchanger:
Efficiency of fins,
Eicosane:
Eicosene:
Ejectors, in flash distillation plant,
EJMA (Expansion Joint Manufacturers Association), standards for expansion bellows
Elastic properties of solids:
El-Dessouky, H,
Electrical enhancement processes, in heat transfer augmentation,
Electric fields, effect on properties of rheologically complex materials,
Electric fields, in augmentation of condensation,
Electrical process heater, specification of,
Electrokinetics, for heat transfer augmentation in microfluidic systems,
Electromagnetic theory of radiation,
Electrostatic fields in augmentation of heat transfer,
Elements:
Elhadidy relation between heat and momentum transfer,
Embedding methods for radiative heat transfer in nonisothermal gases,
Embittlement, of stainless steels,
Emission of thermal radiation, in solids,
Emissivity:
Emitting media, interaction phenomena with,
Emulsions, viscosity of,
EN13445 (European Pressure Vessel Codes), design of heat exchangers to,
Enclosures:
Energy equation:
Energy recovery, maximum, in heat exchanger network design,
Enhanced surfaces, fouling in,
Enhancement devices:
Enlargements in pipes:
Enthalpy:
Entrainment in annular gas-liquid flow
Entrance effects in heat and mass transfer:
Entrance lengths, hydrodynamic in pipe flow,
Entrance losses for tube inlet in shell-and-tube heat exchanger,
Entry losses in plate heat exchangers,
Entropy generation and minimisation
Environmental impact, of fouling,
Eotvos number:
Epstein, N,
Epstein matrix, for fouling,
Equalizing rings, for expansion bellows,
Equilibrium interphase:
Equilibrium vapor nucleus,
Equivalent sand roughness,
Ergun equation, for pressure drop in fixed beds
ESDU correlations:
Esters:
Ethane:
Ethanol:
Ethers:
Ethyl acetate:
Ethylacetylene:
Ethylacrylate:
Ethylamine:
Ethylbenzene:
Ethyl benzoate:
Ethyl butanoate:
Ethylcyclohexane:
Ethylcyclopentane:
Ethyl formate:
Ethylene:
Ethylene diamine:
Ethylene glycol:
Ethylene oxide:
Ethylmercaptan:
1-Ethylnaphthalene:
2-Ethylnaphthalene:
Ethyl proprionate:
Ethyl propylether:
Ettouney, H,
Euler number:
Eutectic mixtures, condensation of forming immiscible liquids,
Evaporation:
Evaporative crystallisers,
Evaporators:
Exergy, definition of,
Exergy analysis,
Exit losses for tubes in shell-and-tube exchanger,
Expansion bellows, for shell-and-tube heat exchangers:
EJMA (Expansion Joint Manufacturers Association), standards for
Expansion joints, mechanical design of:
Expansion of tubes into tube sheets:
Expansion turbine, lost work in,
Explosively clad plate,
Explosive welding of tubes into tube sheets
Explosive expansion joints,
Extended surfaces (see also Fins)
Externally induced convection, in kettle reboilers,
Extinction coefficient,
Extinction efficiency,
Eyring fluid (non-Newtonian),
Index
HEDH
A
B
C
D
E
E-type shells in shell-and-tube heat exchangers:
Ebert and Panchal equation, for crude oil fouling,
Eckert number,
Eddy viscosity:
Eddy diffusivity, of heat,
Edge, D,
Edwards, D K
EEC code for thermal design of heat exchangers,
Effective diffusivity,
Effective thermal conductivity of fixed beds,
Effective tube length in shell-and-tube heat exchangers,
Effectiveness of a heat exchanger:
Efficiency of fins,
Eicosane:
Eicosene:
Ejectors, in flash distillation plant,
EJMA (Expansion Joint Manufacturers Association), standards for expansion bellows
Elastic properties of solids:
El-Dessouky, H,
Electrical enhancement processes, in heat transfer augmentation,
Electric fields, effect on properties of rheologically complex materials,
Electric fields, in augmentation of condensation,
Electrical process heater, specification of,
Electrokinetics, for heat transfer augmentation in microfluidic systems,
Electromagnetic theory of radiation,
Electrostatic fields in augmentation of heat transfer,
Elements:
Elhadidy relation between heat and momentum transfer,
Embedding methods for radiative heat transfer in nonisothermal gases,
Embittlement, of stainless steels,
Emission of thermal radiation, in solids,
Emissivity:
Emitting media, interaction phenomena with,
Emulsions, viscosity of,
EN13445 (European Pressure Vessel Codes), design of heat exchangers to,
Enclosures:
Energy equation:
Energy recovery, maximum, in heat exchanger network design,
Enhanced surfaces, fouling in,
Enhancement devices:
Enlargements in pipes:
Enthalpy:
Entrainment in annular gas-liquid flow
Entrance effects in heat and mass transfer:
Entrance lengths, hydrodynamic in pipe flow,
Entrance losses for tube inlet in shell-and-tube heat exchanger,
Entry losses in plate heat exchangers,
Entropy generation and minimisation
Environmental impact, of fouling,
Eotvos number:
Epstein, N,
Epstein matrix, for fouling,
Equalizing rings, for expansion bellows,
Equilibrium interphase:
Equilibrium vapor nucleus,
Equivalent sand roughness,
Ergun equation, for pressure drop in fixed beds
ESDU correlations:
Esters:
Ethane:
Ethanol:
Ethers:
Ethyl acetate:
Ethylacetylene:
Ethylacrylate:
Ethylamine:
Ethylbenzene:
Ethyl benzoate:
Ethyl butanoate:
Ethylcyclohexane:
Ethylcyclopentane:
Ethyl formate:
Ethylene:
Ethylene diamine:
Ethylene glycol:
Ethylene oxide:
Ethylmercaptan:
1-Ethylnaphthalene:
2-Ethylnaphthalene:
Ethyl proprionate:
Ethyl propylether:
Ettouney, H,
Euler number:
Eutectic mixtures, condensation of forming immiscible liquids,
Evaporation:
Evaporative crystallisers,
Evaporators:
Exergy, definition of,
Exergy analysis,
Exit losses for tubes in shell-and-tube exchanger,
Expansion bellows, for shell-and-tube heat exchangers:
EJMA (Expansion Joint Manufacturers Association), standards for
Expansion joints, mechanical design of:
Expansion of tubes into tube sheets:
Expansion turbine, lost work in,
Explosively clad plate,
Explosive welding of tubes into tube sheets
Explosive expansion joints,
Extended surfaces (see also Fins)
Externally induced convection, in kettle reboilers,
Extinction coefficient,
Extinction efficiency,
Eyring fluid (non-Newtonian),
F
G
H
I
J
K
L
M
N
O
P
Q
R
S
T
U
V
W
X
Y
Z
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Input Data and Recommended Practices
DOI 10.1615/hedhme.a.000251
3.3.5 Input data and recommended practices
J. Taborek
In this section we deal with three subjects:
- The basic set of input data as required for shell-side rating calculations, but also including those required for design of the overall exchanger, that is, including tube-side flow. These are presented in Table 1.
- Detailed comments to the input data, to give guidance to the designer as to proper practices and standards.
- Preliminary calculations of correlational parameters derived from the input data, as required for subsequent calculations.
Table 1 Input data required for rating of segmentally baffled shell-and-tube exchangers
| Item | Symbol | Units | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| Shell-side geometry data | |||
| Tube and tube layout | |||
| 1 | Ds | mm | Inside shell diameter |
| 2 | Dt | mm | Tube outside diameter |
| 3 | Ltw | mm | Tube wall thickness |
| 4 | Dti | mm | Inside tube diameter |
| 5 | λtw | W/m K | Tube wall material thermal conductivity |
| 6 | Ltp | mm | Tube layout pitch |
| 7 | θtp | deg | Tube layout characteristic angle |
| Tube length (Refer to Figure 2) | |||
| 8 | Lto | mm | Overall nominal tube length |
| 9 | Lti | mm | Baffled tube length |
| 10 | Lta | mm | Effective tube length for heat transfer area |
| Baffle geometry (Figure 7) | |||
| 11 | Bc | % | Baffle cut as percent of Ds |
| 12 | Lbc | mm | Central baffle spacing |
| 13a | Lbi | mm | Inlet baffle spacing (optional) |
| 13b | Lbo | mm | Outlet baffle spacing (optional) |
| Nozzle | |||
| 14 | CN | code | Shell-side nozzle, impingement protection, annular distributor |
| Tube bundle geometry | |||
| 15 | Ntt | Total number of tubes or holes in tubesheet for U-tubes | |
| 16 | Ntp | Number of tube passes | |
| 17 | Nss | Number of sealing strips (pairs) | |
| 18 | CB | code | Tube bundle type (FX, UT, SRFH, PFH, PTFH) |
| 19 | Ltb | mm | Tube OD (Dt)-to-baffle hole clearance (diametral), Figure 12 |
| 20 | Lsb | mm | Inside shell-to-baffle clearance (diametral), Figure 13 |
| 21 | Lbb | mm | Inside shell-to-tube bundle bypass clearance (diametral), Figure 14 |
| Temperatures | |||
| 22 | Tsi | °C | Shell-side temperature inlet |
| 23 | Tso | °C | Shell-side temperature outlet |
| 24 | Tti | °C | Tube-side temperature inlet |
| 25 | Tto | °C | Tube-side temperature outlet |
| Shell-side process information | |||
| 26 | Ṁs | kg/s | Shell fluid mass flow rate |
| At shell fluid mean temperature | |||
| 27 | ρs | kg/m3 | Density |
| 28 | λs | W/m K | Thermal conductivity |
| 29 | (cp)s | J/kg K | Specific heat |
| 30 | ηs | cP = mPa/s | Dynamic viscosity (may require two values) |
| 31 | Rf,o | mK/W | Shell-side fouling resistance (referred to shell-side surface) |
| Tube-side process information | |||
| 32 | Ṁt | kg/s | Tube fluid mass flow rate |
| At tube fluid mean temperature | |||
| 33 | ρt | kg/m3 | Density |
| 34 | λt | W/m K | Thermal conductivity |
| 35 | (cp)t | J/kg K | Specific heat |
| 36 | ηt | cP = mPa/s | Dynamic viscosity (may require two values) |
| 37 | Rf,i | m K/W | Tube-side fouling resistance (referred to inside tube surface) |
| Special information | |||
| 38 | αs | W/m2 K | Shell-side heat transfer coefficient; if specified, omit items as shown in comments |
| 39 | αt | W/m2 K | Tube-side heat transfer coefficient; if specified, omit items as shown in comments |
| 40 | (Δps)max | kPa | Maximum permissible pressure drop, shell side |
| 41 | (Δpt)max | kPa | Maximum permissible pressure drop, tube side |
| 42 | (vt)max | m/s | Maximum permissible tube-side flow velocity (optional) |
| 43 | (vt)min | m/s | Minimum acceptable tube-side flow velocity (optional) |
A. Basic input data
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