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McNaught, J M,
Macdonald equation, for fixed-bed pressure drop,
Mach number,
Macleod-Sugden method for surface tension
Macrolayer consumption model for critical heat flux in pool boiling,
Maddox, R N
Magnetic fields, effect on properties of rheologically complex materials,
Magnetic devices, for fouling mitigation,
Magnetohydrodynamcs, inaugmentation of heat transfer in microfluidic systems,
Margarine manufacture, crystallization of edible oils and fats in, scraped surface heat exchangers for,
Marlotherm, heat transfer media,
Martensitic stainless steels,
Martin, H
Martinelli and Boelter equations for combined free and forced convection,
Martinelli and Nelson correlations:
Mass absorption coefficient,
Mass extinction coefficient,
Mass fraction, in multicomponent mixtures,
Mass scattering coefficient,
Mass transfer:
Mass transfer coefficient:
Materials of construction, for heat exchangers,
Low temperature operation, ASME VIII code guidelines for,
Matovosian, Robert,
Matrix inversion techniques, in radiative heat transfer,
Maximum drag reduction
Maximum velocities (in shell-and-tube heat exchangers)
Maxwell model, for non-Newtonian fluid,
Maxwell-Stefan equations, for multicomponent diffusion,
Maxwell's equations, for electromagnetic radiation,
Mean beam length concept, in radiative heat transfer:
Mean phase content,
Mean temperature difference:
Measurement of fouling resistance,
Mechanical design of heat exchangers:
Mechanical draft cooling towers,
Mechanical loads, specifications in EN13445,
Mechanical vapour compression cycles in refrigeration,
Mechanical vapour compression cycles
single stage vapour compression cycle,
multiple stage vapour compression cycles,
Mediatherm, heat transfer medium,
Melo, L F,
Melting, thermal conduction in,
Melting point:
Mercury:
Merilo correlation, for critical heat flux in horizontal tubes,
Merkel's equation, in cooling tower design,
Mertz, R,
Metais and Eckert diagrams, for regimes of convection:
Metals:
Metallurgical industry, kilns and furnaces for,
Metastable equilibrium, of vapor and liquid,
Methane:
Methanol:
Methyl acetate:
Methylacetylene:
Methyl acrylate:
Methyl amine
n-Methylaniline:
Methyl benzoate:
2-Methyl-1,3-Butadiene (Isoprene):
2-Methylbutane (isopentane):
Methylbutanoate:
2-Methyl-2-butene:
Methylcyclohexane:
Methylcyclopentane:
Methylethylketone:
Methyl formate:
Metallurgical slag, use of submerged combustion in reprocessing of,
Methyl fluorate:
2-Methylhexane:
Methylisobutylketone:
Methylmercaptan:
1-Methylnaphthalene:
2-Methylnaphthalene:
2-Methylpentane:
3-Methylpentane:
2-Methylpropane (isobutane):
2-Methylpropene:
Methyl propionate:
Methylpropylether:
Methylpropyl ketone:
Methyl salicylate:
Methyl-t-butyl ether:
Microbubbles, for drag reduction,
Microchannels (see also microfluidics)
Micro-fin tubes:
Microfluidics, enhancement of heat transfer in,
Mie scattering, in pulverized coal combustion,
Miller, C J
Miller, E R
Mineral oils, as heat transfer media, physical properties of,
Mineral wool production, submerged combustion systems for,
Minimum fluidization velocity,
Minimum heat flux in pool boiling:
Minimum tubeside velocity, in shell-and-tube heat exchangers,
Minimum velocity for fluidization,
Minimum wetting rate, for binary mixtures,
Mirror-image concept, in radiative heat transfer,
Mirrors, spectral characteristics of reflectance from,
Mishkinis, D,
Mist flow:
Mitigation of fouling,
Mixed convection occurrence in horiozntal circular pipe, Metais and Eckert diagram for,
Mixing (shell-side), in twisted tube heat exchangers,
Mixing length, in turbulent flow,
Mixtures:
Modelling, of fouling:
Models, theory of,
Modulus of elasticity:
Moffat, R S M,
Molecular gas radiation properties,
Molecular weight:
Mollier chart, for humid air,
Momentum equation:
Monitoring, on line, of fouling,
Monochloroacetic acid:
Monte Carlo methods, in radiative heat transfer,
Moody chart:
Morris, M
Mostinski correlations:
Moving bed, heat transfer to,
Muchowski, E,
Mueller, A C
Muller-Steinhagen, H
Multicomponent mixtures:
Multidimensional systems, heat conduction in,
Multiflux methods, for radiative heat transfer in nonisothermal gases,
Multipass shell-and-tube heat exchangers,
Multiphase fluid flow and pressure drop:
Multiple duties, in plate heat exchangers,
Multiple effect evaporation,
Multiple hairpin heat exchanger,
Multistage flash evaporation (MSF)
Multizone model, for furnaces,
Index
HEDH
A
B
C
D
E
F
G
H
I
J
K
L
M
McNaught, J M,
Macdonald equation, for fixed-bed pressure drop,
Mach number,
Macleod-Sugden method for surface tension
Macrolayer consumption model for critical heat flux in pool boiling,
Maddox, R N
Magnetic fields, effect on properties of rheologically complex materials,
Magnetic devices, for fouling mitigation,
Magnetohydrodynamcs, inaugmentation of heat transfer in microfluidic systems,
Margarine manufacture, crystallization of edible oils and fats in, scraped surface heat exchangers for,
Marlotherm, heat transfer media,
Martensitic stainless steels,
Martin, H
Martinelli and Boelter equations for combined free and forced convection,
Martinelli and Nelson correlations:
Mass absorption coefficient,
Mass extinction coefficient,
Mass fraction, in multicomponent mixtures,
Mass scattering coefficient,
Mass transfer:
Mass transfer coefficient:
Materials of construction, for heat exchangers,
Low temperature operation, ASME VIII code guidelines for,
Matovosian, Robert,
Matrix inversion techniques, in radiative heat transfer,
Maximum drag reduction
Maximum velocities (in shell-and-tube heat exchangers)
Maxwell model, for non-Newtonian fluid,
Maxwell-Stefan equations, for multicomponent diffusion,
Maxwell's equations, for electromagnetic radiation,
Mean beam length concept, in radiative heat transfer:
Mean phase content,
Mean temperature difference:
Measurement of fouling resistance,
Mechanical design of heat exchangers:
Mechanical draft cooling towers,
Mechanical loads, specifications in EN13445,
Mechanical vapour compression cycles in refrigeration,
N
O
P
Q
R
S
T
U
V
W
X
Y
Z
Mechanical vapour compression cycles
single stage vapour compression cycle,
multiple stage vapour compression cycles,
Mediatherm, heat transfer medium,
Melo, L F,
Melting, thermal conduction in,
Melting point:
Mercury:
Merilo correlation, for critical heat flux in horizontal tubes,
Merkel's equation, in cooling tower design,
Mertz, R,
Metais and Eckert diagrams, for regimes of convection:
Metals:
Metallurgical industry, kilns and furnaces for,
Metastable equilibrium, of vapor and liquid,
Methane:
Methanol:
Methyl acetate:
Methylacetylene:
Methyl acrylate:
Methyl amine
n-Methylaniline:
Methyl benzoate:
2-Methyl-1,3-Butadiene (Isoprene):
2-Methylbutane (isopentane):
Methylbutanoate:
2-Methyl-2-butene:
Methylcyclohexane:
Methylcyclopentane:
Methylethylketone:
Methyl formate:
Metallurgical slag, use of submerged combustion in reprocessing of,
Methyl fluorate:
2-Methylhexane:
Methylisobutylketone:
Methylmercaptan:
1-Methylnaphthalene:
2-Methylnaphthalene:
2-Methylpentane:
3-Methylpentane:
2-Methylpropane (isobutane):
2-Methylpropene:
Methyl propionate:
Methylpropylether:
Methylpropyl ketone:
Methyl salicylate:
Methyl-t-butyl ether:
Microbubbles, for drag reduction,
Microchannels (see also microfluidics)
Micro-fin tubes:
Microfluidics, enhancement of heat transfer in,
Mie scattering, in pulverized coal combustion,
Miller, C J
Miller, E R
Mineral oils, as heat transfer media, physical properties of,
Mineral wool production, submerged combustion systems for,
Minimum fluidization velocity,
Minimum heat flux in pool boiling:
Minimum tubeside velocity, in shell-and-tube heat exchangers,
Minimum velocity for fluidization,
Minimum wetting rate, for binary mixtures,
Mirror-image concept, in radiative heat transfer,
Mirrors, spectral characteristics of reflectance from,
Mishkinis, D,
Mist flow:
Mitigation of fouling,
Mixed convection occurrence in horiozntal circular pipe, Metais and Eckert diagram for,
Mixing (shell-side), in twisted tube heat exchangers,
Mixing length, in turbulent flow,
Mixtures:
Modelling, of fouling:
Models, theory of,
Modulus of elasticity:
Moffat, R S M,
Molecular gas radiation properties,
Molecular weight:
Mollier chart, for humid air,
Momentum equation:
Monitoring, on line, of fouling,
Monochloroacetic acid:
Monte Carlo methods, in radiative heat transfer,
Moody chart:
Morris, M
Mostinski correlations:
Moving bed, heat transfer to,
Muchowski, E,
Mueller, A C
Muller-Steinhagen, H
Multicomponent mixtures:
Multidimensional systems, heat conduction in,
Multiflux methods, for radiative heat transfer in nonisothermal gases,
Multipass shell-and-tube heat exchangers,
Multiphase fluid flow and pressure drop:
Multiple duties, in plate heat exchangers,
Multiple effect evaporation,
Multiple hairpin heat exchanger,
Multistage flash evaporation (MSF)
Multizone model, for furnaces,
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Mechanical vapour compression cycles
DOI 10.1615/hedhme.a.000399
3.26.3 Mechanical vapour compression cycles
J. R. Barbosa Jr. and C. J. L. Hermes
A. The single stage vapour compression cycle
The pressure - specific enthalpy (p-h) diagram is the mostly used thermodynamic diagram in refrigeration because of its practical appeal. Pressure, due to its association with the saturation temperatures of the refrigerant in the evaporator and condenser, is the property that characterizes the nature of the application of the refrigeration cycle (refrigerant type, domestic, commercial, industrial etc.). Enthalpy, on the other hand, appears in all energy balances in components and control volumes within the cycle. Figure 1(a) illustrates a Single Stage Standard Refrigeration cycle operating between the pressures pC and pE in the condenser and evaporator, respectively. The temperature differences between the refrigerant and the thermal reservoirs (cold refrigerated space, at TL, and warm external environment, at TH), are shown in Figure 1(b) to illustrate the external irrerversibilities associated with the transfer of heat across a finite temperature difference.
The refrigerator COP of the cycle depicted in Figure 1 can be determined from steady-state energy balances in the evaporator and compressor (neglecting changes in kinetic and potential energy). Thus, it follows from Equation 398.3 that,
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