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McNaught, J M,
Macdonald equation, for fixed-bed pressure drop,
Mach number,
Macleod-Sugden method for surface tension
Macrolayer consumption model for critical heat flux in pool boiling,
Maddox, R N
Magnetic fields, effect on properties of rheologically complex materials,
Magnetic devices, for fouling mitigation,
Magnetohydrodynamcs, inaugmentation of heat transfer in microfluidic systems,
Margarine manufacture, crystallization of edible oils and fats in, scraped surface heat exchangers for,
Marlotherm, heat transfer media,
Martensitic stainless steels,
Martin, H
Martinelli and Boelter equations for combined free and forced convection,
Martinelli and Nelson correlations:
Mass absorption coefficient,
Mass extinction coefficient,
Mass fraction, in multicomponent mixtures,
Mass scattering coefficient,
Mass transfer:
Mass transfer coefficient:
Materials of construction, for heat exchangers,
Low temperature operation, ASME VIII code guidelines for,
Matovosian, Robert,
Matrix inversion techniques, in radiative heat transfer,
Maximum drag reduction
Maximum velocities (in shell-and-tube heat exchangers)
Maxwell model, for non-Newtonian fluid,
Maxwell-Stefan equations, for multicomponent diffusion,
Maxwell's equations, for electromagnetic radiation,
Mean beam length concept, in radiative heat transfer:
Mean phase content,
Mean temperature difference:
Measurement of fouling resistance,
Mechanical design of heat exchangers:
according to ASME VIII,
air-cooled heat exchangers,
double-pipe exchangers
EN13445 guidelines for,
plate fin heat exchangers,
plate heat exchangers,
PN5500 guidelines for,
shell-and-tube heat exchangers: constructional features,
software for,
Mechanical draft cooling towers,
Mechanical loads, specifications in EN13445,
Mechanical vapour compression cycles in refrigeration,
Mediatherm, heat transfer medium,
Melo, L F,
Melting, thermal conduction in,
Melting point:
Mercury:
Merilo correlation, for critical heat flux in horizontal tubes,
Merkel's equation, in cooling tower design,
Mertz, R,
Metais and Eckert diagrams, for regimes of convection:
Metals:
Metallurgical industry, kilns and furnaces for,
Metastable equilibrium, of vapor and liquid,
Methane:
Methanol:
Methyl acetate:
Methylacetylene:
Methyl acrylate:
Methyl amine
n-Methylaniline:
Methyl benzoate:
2-Methyl-1,3-Butadiene (Isoprene):
2-Methylbutane (isopentane):
Methylbutanoate:
2-Methyl-2-butene:
Methylcyclohexane:
Methylcyclopentane:
Methylethylketone:
Methyl formate:
Metallurgical slag, use of submerged combustion in reprocessing of,
Methyl fluorate:
2-Methylhexane:
Methylisobutylketone:
Methylmercaptan:
1-Methylnaphthalene:
2-Methylnaphthalene:
2-Methylpentane:
3-Methylpentane:
2-Methylpropane (isobutane):
2-Methylpropene:
Methyl propionate:
Methylpropylether:
Methylpropyl ketone:
Methyl salicylate:
Methyl-t-butyl ether:
Microbubbles, for drag reduction,
Microchannels (see also microfluidics)
Micro-fin tubes:
Microfluidics, enhancement of heat transfer in,
Mie scattering, in pulverized coal combustion,
Miller, C J
Miller, E R
Mineral oils, as heat transfer media, physical properties of,
Mineral wool production, submerged combustion systems for,
Minimum fluidization velocity,
Minimum heat flux in pool boiling:
Minimum tubeside velocity, in shell-and-tube heat exchangers,
Minimum velocity for fluidization,
Minimum wetting rate, for binary mixtures,
Mirror-image concept, in radiative heat transfer,
Mirrors, spectral characteristics of reflectance from,
Mishkinis, D,
Mist flow:
Mitigation of fouling,
Mixed convection occurrence in horiozntal circular pipe, Metais and Eckert diagram for,
Mixing (shell-side), in twisted tube heat exchangers,
Mixing length, in turbulent flow,
Mixtures:
Modelling, of fouling:
Models, theory of,
Modulus of elasticity:
Moffat, R S M,
Molecular gas radiation properties,
Molecular weight:
Mollier chart, for humid air,
Momentum equation:
Monitoring, on line, of fouling,
Monochloroacetic acid:
Monte Carlo methods, in radiative heat transfer,
Moody chart:
Morris, M
Mostinski correlations:
Moving bed, heat transfer to,
Muchowski, E,
Mueller, A C
Muller-Steinhagen, H
Multicomponent mixtures:
Multidimensional systems, heat conduction in,
Multiflux methods, for radiative heat transfer in nonisothermal gases,
Multipass shell-and-tube heat exchangers,
Multiphase fluid flow and pressure drop:
Multiple duties, in plate heat exchangers,
Multiple effect evaporation,
Multiple hairpin heat exchanger,
Multistage flash evaporation (MSF)
Multizone model, for furnaces,
Index
HEDH
A
B
C
D
E
F
G
H
I
J
K
L
M
McNaught, J M,
Macdonald equation, for fixed-bed pressure drop,
Mach number,
Macleod-Sugden method for surface tension
Macrolayer consumption model for critical heat flux in pool boiling,
Maddox, R N
Magnetic fields, effect on properties of rheologically complex materials,
Magnetic devices, for fouling mitigation,
Magnetohydrodynamcs, inaugmentation of heat transfer in microfluidic systems,
Margarine manufacture, crystallization of edible oils and fats in, scraped surface heat exchangers for,
Marlotherm, heat transfer media,
Martensitic stainless steels,
Martin, H
Martinelli and Boelter equations for combined free and forced convection,
Martinelli and Nelson correlations:
Mass absorption coefficient,
Mass extinction coefficient,
Mass fraction, in multicomponent mixtures,
Mass scattering coefficient,
Mass transfer:
Mass transfer coefficient:
Materials of construction, for heat exchangers,
Low temperature operation, ASME VIII code guidelines for,
Matovosian, Robert,
Matrix inversion techniques, in radiative heat transfer,
Maximum drag reduction
Maximum velocities (in shell-and-tube heat exchangers)
Maxwell model, for non-Newtonian fluid,
Maxwell-Stefan equations, for multicomponent diffusion,
Maxwell's equations, for electromagnetic radiation,
Mean beam length concept, in radiative heat transfer:
Mean phase content,
Mean temperature difference:
Measurement of fouling resistance,
Mechanical design of heat exchangers:
N
O
P
Q
R
S
T
U
V
W
X
Y
Z
according to ASME VIII,
air-cooled heat exchangers,
double-pipe exchangers
EN13445 guidelines for,
plate fin heat exchangers,
plate heat exchangers,
PN5500 guidelines for,
shell-and-tube heat exchangers: constructional features,
software for,
Mechanical draft cooling towers,
Mechanical loads, specifications in EN13445,
Mechanical vapour compression cycles in refrigeration,
Mediatherm, heat transfer medium,
Melo, L F,
Melting, thermal conduction in,
Melting point:
Mercury:
Merilo correlation, for critical heat flux in horizontal tubes,
Merkel's equation, in cooling tower design,
Mertz, R,
Metais and Eckert diagrams, for regimes of convection:
Metals:
Metallurgical industry, kilns and furnaces for,
Metastable equilibrium, of vapor and liquid,
Methane:
Methanol:
Methyl acetate:
Methylacetylene:
Methyl acrylate:
Methyl amine
n-Methylaniline:
Methyl benzoate:
2-Methyl-1,3-Butadiene (Isoprene):
2-Methylbutane (isopentane):
Methylbutanoate:
2-Methyl-2-butene:
Methylcyclohexane:
Methylcyclopentane:
Methylethylketone:
Methyl formate:
Metallurgical slag, use of submerged combustion in reprocessing of,
Methyl fluorate:
2-Methylhexane:
Methylisobutylketone:
Methylmercaptan:
1-Methylnaphthalene:
2-Methylnaphthalene:
2-Methylpentane:
3-Methylpentane:
2-Methylpropane (isobutane):
2-Methylpropene:
Methyl propionate:
Methylpropylether:
Methylpropyl ketone:
Methyl salicylate:
Methyl-t-butyl ether:
Microbubbles, for drag reduction,
Microchannels (see also microfluidics)
Micro-fin tubes:
Microfluidics, enhancement of heat transfer in,
Mie scattering, in pulverized coal combustion,
Miller, C J
Miller, E R
Mineral oils, as heat transfer media, physical properties of,
Mineral wool production, submerged combustion systems for,
Minimum fluidization velocity,
Minimum heat flux in pool boiling:
Minimum tubeside velocity, in shell-and-tube heat exchangers,
Minimum velocity for fluidization,
Minimum wetting rate, for binary mixtures,
Mirror-image concept, in radiative heat transfer,
Mirrors, spectral characteristics of reflectance from,
Mishkinis, D,
Mist flow:
Mitigation of fouling,
Mixed convection occurrence in horiozntal circular pipe, Metais and Eckert diagram for,
Mixing (shell-side), in twisted tube heat exchangers,
Mixing length, in turbulent flow,
Mixtures:
Modelling, of fouling:
Models, theory of,
Modulus of elasticity:
Moffat, R S M,
Molecular gas radiation properties,
Molecular weight:
Mollier chart, for humid air,
Momentum equation:
Monitoring, on line, of fouling,
Monochloroacetic acid:
Monte Carlo methods, in radiative heat transfer,
Moody chart:
Morris, M
Mostinski correlations:
Moving bed, heat transfer to,
Muchowski, E,
Mueller, A C
Muller-Steinhagen, H
Multicomponent mixtures:
Multidimensional systems, heat conduction in,
Multiflux methods, for radiative heat transfer in nonisothermal gases,
Multipass shell-and-tube heat exchangers,
Multiphase fluid flow and pressure drop:
Multiple duties, in plate heat exchangers,
Multiple effect evaporation,
Multiple hairpin heat exchanger,
Multistage flash evaporation (MSF)
Multizone model, for furnaces,
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Introduction
DOI 10.1615/hedhme.a.000412
4.2.1 Introduction
E. A. D. Saunders
A variety of unfired heat transfer equipment is used in industry, but the most common is the shell-and-tube exchanger. Although it is not especially compact, it has the advantage of being robust and versatile. Except for the special-purpose finned-tube air cooler, it is usually the only design that can be considered for large surface areas, pressures greater than 2 MNm2, and temperatures greater than 250 °C.
As the name implies, a shell-and-tube heat exchanger consists of a shell (pressure vessel) containing a tube bundle, which is attached to stationary and rear heads. The tubes, which are attached to tubesheets, may be plain or finned, and run parallel to the longitudinal axis of the shell.
Typical shell-and-tube heat exchanger
Section 413 deals with design and construction codes and describes a particular system for designating the various shell configurations, stationary heads, and rear heads. The design of the rear head establishes the type of shell-and-tube exchanger, and the different types, with variations, are described in Section 414. The purpose of the various stationary heads is described in Section 415. Section 416 and Section 417 deal with each component of a shell-and-tube heat exchanger and describe its thermal or mechanical function.
The nomenclature of the shell-and-tube heat exchanger components is given in Table 414.1.
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