Navigation by alphabet
A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z
F-correction method:
F-factor charts and equations for various heat exchanger configurations,
F-factor method:
F-type shells:
Fabrication:
Failure modes of heat exchangers,
Falling films, direct contact heat transfer in,
Falling film evaporator:
Fanno flow,
Fans in air-cooled heat exchangers:
Fatigue as failure mode of a heat exchanger
Fatigue life, of expansion bellows,
Fawcett, R
Fedor's method, for critical temperature,
Fenghour, A
Ferritic stainless steels, as material of construction,
Fick's law for diffusion,
Film boiling:
Film model, condenser design by
Film temperature, definition of for turbulent flow over flat plate,
Films in heat exchangers,
Filmwise condensation:
Fincotherm, heat transfer medium,
Finite-difference equations:
Finite difference methods:
Finite-element methods:
Fins (see also Extended surfaces):
Fire-tube boiler,
Fired heaters,
Fires, room, radiation interaction phenomena in,
Firsova, E V,
Fixed beds:
Fixed tubesheet, shell-and-tube exchangers:
Flanges, mechanical design of in heat exchangers,
Flash evaporation
Flat absorber of thermal radiation,
Flat heads:
Flat plate:
Flat reflector of thermal radiation,
Floating head designs for shell-and-tube heat exchangers:
code guidelines for
detailed constructional features,
Flooded type evaporator, in refrigeration,
Flooding phenomena:
Flow distribution:
Flow-induced vibration,
Flow regimes:
Flow stream analysis method for segmentally baffled shell and tube heat exchangers,
Flue gases, fouling by,
Fluid elastic instability as source of flow-induced vibration,
Fluid flow, lost work in,
Fluid mechanics, Eulerian formulation for,
Fluid-to-particle heat transfer in fluidized beds,
Fluidized bed dryer:
Fluidized bed gravity conveyors,
Fluidized beds:
Fluids:
Fluorine:
Fluorobenzene:
Fluoroethane (Refrigerant 161):
Fluoromethane (Refrigerant 41):
Fluted tubes:
Flux method, for modeling radiation in furnaces,
Flux relationships in heat exchangers,
Fogging in condensation
Food processing, fouling of heat exchangers in,
Forced flow reboilers:
Formaldehyde:
Formamide:
Formic acid:
Forster and Zuber correlation for nucleate boiling,
Fouling,
Foam systems, heat transfer in,
Four phase flows, examples,
Fourier law for conduction
Fourier number (Fo):
Frames for plate heat exchangers,
France, guide to national practice for mechanical design,
Free convection:
Free-fall velocity, of particles,
Free-stream turbulence, effect on flow over cylinders,
Freeze protection of air-cooled heat exchangers,
Freezing, of condensate in condensers
Fresnel relations in reflection of radiation,
Fretting corrosion,
Friction factor:
Friction multipliers in gas-liquid flow:
Friction velocity, definition,
Friedel correlation for frictional pressure gradient in straight channels,
Froude number:
Fuels, properties of,
Fuller, R K,
Furan:
Furfural:
Furnaces:
Fusion welding, of tubes into tubesheets in shell-and-tube heat exchangers,
Types of Shell-and-Tube Heat Exchangers
outside packed type,
packed-lantern ring type,
pull-through type,
split backing ring type,
discussion,
example of calculation of heat exchanger mechanical design with,
expansion bellows for,
flanges in,
Index
HEDH
A
B
C
D
E
F
F-correction method:
F-factor charts and equations for various heat exchanger configurations,
F-factor method:
F-type shells:
Fabrication:
Failure modes of heat exchangers,
Falling films, direct contact heat transfer in,
Falling film evaporator:
Fanno flow,
Fans in air-cooled heat exchangers:
Fatigue as failure mode of a heat exchanger
Fatigue life, of expansion bellows,
Fawcett, R
Fedor's method, for critical temperature,
Fenghour, A
Ferritic stainless steels, as material of construction,
Fick's law for diffusion,
Film boiling:
Film model, condenser design by
Film temperature, definition of for turbulent flow over flat plate,
Films in heat exchangers,
Filmwise condensation:
Fincotherm, heat transfer medium,
Finite-difference equations:
Finite difference methods:
Finite-element methods:
Fins (see also Extended surfaces):
Fire-tube boiler,
Fired heaters,
Fires, room, radiation interaction phenomena in,
Firsova, E V,
Fixed beds:
Fixed tubesheet, shell-and-tube exchangers:
Flanges, mechanical design of in heat exchangers,
Flash evaporation
Flat absorber of thermal radiation,
Flat heads:
Flat plate:
Flat reflector of thermal radiation,
Floating head designs for shell-and-tube heat exchangers:
G
H
I
J
K
L
M
N
O
P
Q
R
S
T
U
V
W
X
Y
Z
code guidelines for
detailed constructional features,
Flooded type evaporator, in refrigeration,
Flooding phenomena:
Flow distribution:
Flow-induced vibration,
Flow regimes:
Flow stream analysis method for segmentally baffled shell and tube heat exchangers,
Flue gases, fouling by,
Fluid elastic instability as source of flow-induced vibration,
Fluid flow, lost work in,
Fluid mechanics, Eulerian formulation for,
Fluid-to-particle heat transfer in fluidized beds,
Fluidized bed dryer:
Fluidized bed gravity conveyors,
Fluidized beds:
Fluids:
Fluorine:
Fluorobenzene:
Fluoroethane (Refrigerant 161):
Fluoromethane (Refrigerant 41):
Fluted tubes:
Flux method, for modeling radiation in furnaces,
Flux relationships in heat exchangers,
Fogging in condensation
Food processing, fouling of heat exchangers in,
Forced flow reboilers:
Formaldehyde:
Formamide:
Formic acid:
Forster and Zuber correlation for nucleate boiling,
Fouling,
Foam systems, heat transfer in,
Four phase flows, examples,
Fourier law for conduction
Fourier number (Fo):
Frames for plate heat exchangers,
France, guide to national practice for mechanical design,
Free convection:
Free-fall velocity, of particles,
Free-stream turbulence, effect on flow over cylinders,
Freeze protection of air-cooled heat exchangers,
Freezing, of condensate in condensers
Fresnel relations in reflection of radiation,
Fretting corrosion,
Friction factor:
Friction multipliers in gas-liquid flow:
Friction velocity, definition,
Friedel correlation for frictional pressure gradient in straight channels,
Froude number:
Fuels, properties of,
Fuller, R K,
Furan:
Furfural:
Furnaces:
Fusion welding, of tubes into tubesheets in shell-and-tube heat exchangers,
Types of Shell-and-Tube Heat Exchangers
outside packed type,
packed-lantern ring type,
pull-through type,
split backing ring type,
discussion,
example of calculation of heat exchanger mechanical design with,
expansion bellows for,
flanges in,
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Types of Shell-and-Tube Heat Exchangers
DOI 10.1615/hedhme.a.000414
4.2.3 Types of shell-and-tube heat exchangers
E. A. D. Saunders
A. Introduction
Heat transfer equipment may be designated by type or by the function it performs, such as chiller, condenser, cooler, heater, reboilcr, vaporizer, and so on. The choice of shell-and-tube heat exchanger type is governed chiefly by factors such as provision for differential movement between shell and tubes, design pressure, design temperature, and fouling nature of the fluids, rather than the function. Almost all exchanger types can perform any function. The various shell-and-tube heat exchanger types, and their variations, are described below, the type letter relating to the particular designation system referred to earlier in Section 413B. Nomenclature for heat exchanger components is summarized in Table 1. The features of the various types are summarized in Table 2.
Table 1 Nomenclature for heat exchanger components (applicable to Figure 1, Figure 3, Figure 5, Figure 7, Figure 8 and Figure 9)
| Number | Component | Number | Component |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Shell | 16 | Stationary-head nozzle |
| 2 | Real-head dished cover | 17 | Stationary-head cover flange |
| 3 | Floating tubesheet | 18 | Stationary-head/tubesheet flange |
| 4 | Floating-head cover | 19 | Shell flange at stationary head |
| 5 | Floating-head backing ring | 20 | Shell flange at rear head |
| 6 | Floating-head cover flange | 21 | Rear-head flange at shell |
| 7 | Stationary-head cover | 22 | Rear-head barrel |
| 8 | Tie rods and spacers | 23 | Stationary-head barrel |
| 9 | Baffle | 24 | Packing |
| 10 | Stationary tubesheet | 25 | Packing follower ring |
| 11 | Pass partition plate | 26 | Packing box flange |
| 12 | Tubes | 27 | Floating tubesheet skirt |
| 13 | Support saddle | 28 | Slip-on backing flange |
| 14 | Expansion bellows | 29 | Split shear ring |
| 15 | Shell nozzle | 30 | Lantern ring with weep hole |
Table 2 Types of shell-and-tube heat exchangers: Summary of features
| Characteristic tubesheet (tupe L, M, N) | Fixed (tupe U) | U tube | Split-backing-ring floating head (type S) | Pull-through floating head (type T) | Packed-lantem-ring floating head (type W) | Outside-packed floating head (type P) | Bayonet tube |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Does it provide for differential movement between shell and tubes? | Yes – with bellows in shell | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| Is tube bundle removable? | No | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes a |
| Is replacement bundle possible? | No | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes a |
| Can individual tubes be removed and replaced? | Yes | Outer tubes only | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| Method of cleaning inside | Any | Chemical | Any | Any | Any | Any | Any |
| Method of cleaning outside b | Chemical | Any | Any | Any | Any | Any | Any a |
| Number of tube-side passes | Any | Any even number | One or any even number c | One or any even number c | One or two only d | Any e | One (special) |
| Is double tubesheet construction permissible? | Yes | Yes | No | No | No | Yes | Yes |
| Are there internal gaskots? | No | No | Yes | Yes | No | No | No |
| Approx diametral clearonce, mm (Shell ID-OTL) f | 11 to 18 | 11 to 18 | 35 to 50 | 95 to 160 | 15 to 35 | 25 to 50 | 11 to 18 |
b Extemal mechanical cleaning possible only with square or rotated square pitch, or unusually wide triangular pitch.
c One-pass construction requires packed gland or bellows at floating head. See Figure 416.4 and Figure 416.5.
d Tube-side nozzles must be at stationary end for two passes.
e Axial nozzle required at rear end for odd number of passes.
f Subject to comments given in Section 416D and Section 416E.
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