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A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z
Nahme-Griffith number, Nakashima, CY Nanoparticles, for heat transfer augmentation, Naphthalene: Napthenes: National practice, in mechanical design, guide to, Natural convection: Natural draft cooling towers: Natural frequency of tube vibration in heat exchangers, Navier-Stokes equation, Neon: Neopentane: Net free area, in double-pipe heat exchangers, Netherlands, guide to national mechanical design practice, Networks, of heat exchangers, pinch analysis method for design of, Neumann boundary conditions, finite difference method, Nickel, thermal and mechanical properties Nickel alloys, Nickel steels, Niessen, R, Nitric oxide: Nitriles: Nitrobenzene: Nitro derivatives: Nitroethane: Nitrogen: Nitrogen dioxide: Nitrogen peroxide: Nitromethane: m-Nitrotoluene: Nitrous oxide Noise: Nonadecane: Nonadecene: Nonane: Nonene: Nonanol: Nonaqueous fluids, critical heat flux in, Non-circular microchannels: Noncondensables: Nondestructive testing, of heat exchangers
Nondestructive testing Quality control and inspection disciplines
Nongray media, interaction phenomena with, Nonmetallic materials: Non-Newtonian flow: Nonparticipating media, radiation interaction in, Nonuniform heat flux, critical heat flux with, Non-wetting surfaces, in condensation augmentation, North, C, No-tubes-in-window shells, calculation of heat transfer and pressure drop in, Nozzles: Nowell, D G, Nucleate boiling: Nuclear industry, fouling problems in, Nucleation: Nucleation sites: Nuclei, formation in supersaturated vapor, Number of transfer units (NTU): Numerical methods: Nusselt: Nusselt-Graetz problem, in laminar heat transfer in ducts, Nusselt number:

Index

HEDH
A B C D E F G H I J K L M N
Nahme-Griffith number, Nakashima, CY Nanoparticles, for heat transfer augmentation, Naphthalene: Napthenes: National practice, in mechanical design, guide to, Natural convection: Natural draft cooling towers: Natural frequency of tube vibration in heat exchangers, Navier-Stokes equation, Neon: Neopentane: Net free area, in double-pipe heat exchangers, Netherlands, guide to national mechanical design practice, Networks, of heat exchangers, pinch analysis method for design of, Neumann boundary conditions, finite difference method, Nickel, thermal and mechanical properties Nickel alloys, Nickel steels, Niessen, R, Nitric oxide: Nitriles: Nitrobenzene: Nitro derivatives: Nitroethane: Nitrogen: Nitrogen dioxide: Nitrogen peroxide: Nitromethane: m-Nitrotoluene: Nitrous oxide Noise: Nonadecane: Nonadecene: Nonane: Nonene: Nonanol: Nonaqueous fluids, critical heat flux in, Non-circular microchannels: Noncondensables: Nondestructive testing, of heat exchangers
Nondestructive testing Quality control and inspection disciplines
Nongray media, interaction phenomena with, Nonmetallic materials: Non-Newtonian flow: Nonparticipating media, radiation interaction in, Nonuniform heat flux, critical heat flux with, Non-wetting surfaces, in condensation augmentation, North, C, No-tubes-in-window shells, calculation of heat transfer and pressure drop in, Nozzles: Nowell, D G, Nucleate boiling: Nuclear industry, fouling problems in, Nucleation: Nucleation sites: Nuclei, formation in supersaturated vapor, Number of transfer units (NTU): Numerical methods: Nusselt: Nusselt-Graetz problem, in laminar heat transfer in ducts, Nusselt number:
O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z
N Nondestructive testing, of heat exchangers
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Quality control and inspection disciplines

DOI 10.1615/hedhme.a.000456

4.7 TESTING AND INSPECTION
4.7.11 Quality control and inspection disciplines

R. S. M. Moffatt

The previous sections deal with inspection and testing during the fabrication of pressure vessels (including heat exchangers), embracing dimensional control, radiography, ultrasonics, magnetic and dye penetrant crack detection, and final testing. It is therefore necessary for the fabricator to have in operation an overall quality program, run by qualified and experienced personnel, which has been approved by an independent organization.

In the United States the organization concerned with the approval of companies for particular fabrications is the American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME) through its boiler and pressure code. This organization will approve fabricating companies outside the United States as well as American companies.

The system involves the submission of a quality control manual by the fabricator, which is reviewed, together with an audit of the company’s facility. Registered fabricators are authorized to construct fabrications to the appropriate code and stamp their vessels with the code stamp.

Similar schemes are in existence in other countries; for example, in the United Kingdom the approved scheme is operated by the Pressure Vessel Quality Assurance Board (PVQAB). In all cases the pressure vessel fabricator is overseen by an authorized inspector, who must be suitably qualified. Certain authorities will only allow pressure vessels to be installed and operated in their country if they have conformed with the above systems.

Total quality systems are all basically similar and in general must conform to the following requirements, which are summarized in the company’s quality manual.

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