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Index

HEDH
A B C D E F G H I J K L M
McNaught, J M, Macdonald equation, for fixed-bed pressure drop, Mach number, Macleod-Sugden method for surface tension Macrolayer consumption model for critical heat flux in pool boiling, Maddox, R N Magnetic fields, effect on properties of rheologically complex materials, Magnetic devices, for fouling mitigation, Magnetohydrodynamcs, inaugmentation of heat transfer in microfluidic systems, Margarine manufacture, crystallization of edible oils and fats in, scraped surface heat exchangers for, Marlotherm, heat transfer media, Martensitic stainless steels, Martin, H Martinelli and Boelter equations for combined free and forced convection, Martinelli and Nelson correlations: Mass absorption coefficient, Mass extinction coefficient, Mass fraction, in multicomponent mixtures, Mass scattering coefficient, Mass transfer: Mass transfer coefficient: Materials of construction, for heat exchangers, Low temperature operation, ASME VIII code guidelines for, Matovosian, Robert, Matrix inversion techniques, in radiative heat transfer, Maximum drag reduction Maximum velocities (in shell-and-tube heat exchangers) Maxwell model, for non-Newtonian fluid, Maxwell-Stefan equations, for multicomponent diffusion, Maxwell's equations, for electromagnetic radiation, Mean beam length concept, in radiative heat transfer: Mean phase content, Mean temperature difference: Measurement of fouling resistance, Mechanical design of heat exchangers: Mechanical draft cooling towers, Mechanical loads, specifications in EN13445, Mechanical vapour compression cycles in refrigeration, Mediatherm, heat transfer medium, Melo, L F, Melting, thermal conduction in, Melting point: Mercury: Merilo correlation, for critical heat flux in horizontal tubes, Merkel's equation, in cooling tower design, Mertz, R, Metais and Eckert diagrams, for regimes of convection: Metals: Metallurgical industry, kilns and furnaces for, Metastable equilibrium, of vapor and liquid, Methane: Methanol: Methyl acetate: Methylacetylene: Methyl acrylate: Methyl amine n-Methylaniline: Methyl benzoate: 2-Methyl-1,3-Butadiene (Isoprene): 2-Methylbutane (isopentane): Methylbutanoate: 2-Methyl-2-butene: Methylcyclohexane: Methylcyclopentane: Methylethylketone: Methyl formate: Metallurgical slag, use of submerged combustion in reprocessing of, Methyl fluorate: 2-Methylhexane: Methylisobutylketone: Methylmercaptan: 1-Methylnaphthalene: 2-Methylnaphthalene: 2-Methylpentane: 3-Methylpentane: 2-Methylpropane (isobutane): 2-Methylpropene: Methyl propionate: Methylpropylether: Methylpropyl ketone: Methyl salicylate: Methyl-t-butyl ether: Microbubbles, for drag reduction, Microchannels (see also microfluidics) Micro-fin tubes: Microfluidics, enhancement of heat transfer in, Mie scattering, in pulverized coal combustion, Miller, C J Miller, E R Mineral oils, as heat transfer media, physical properties of, Mineral wool production, submerged combustion systems for, Minimum fluidization velocity, Minimum heat flux in pool boiling: Minimum tubeside velocity, in shell-and-tube heat exchangers, Minimum velocity for fluidization, Minimum wetting rate, for binary mixtures, Mirror-image concept, in radiative heat transfer, Mirrors, spectral characteristics of reflectance from, Mishkinis, D, Mist flow: Mitigation of fouling, Mixed convection occurrence in horiozntal circular pipe, Metais and Eckert diagram for, Mixing (shell-side), in twisted tube heat exchangers, Mixing length, in turbulent flow, Mixtures: Modelling, of fouling: Models, theory of, Modulus of elasticity: Moffat, R S M, Molecular gas radiation properties, Molecular weight: Mollier chart, for humid air, Momentum equation: Monitoring, on line, of fouling, Monochloroacetic acid: Monte Carlo methods, in radiative heat transfer, Moody chart: Morris, M Mostinski correlations: Moving bed, heat transfer to, Muchowski, E, Mueller, A C Muller-Steinhagen, H Multicomponent mixtures: Multidimensional systems, heat conduction in, Multiflux methods, for radiative heat transfer in nonisothermal gases, Multipass shell-and-tube heat exchangers, Multiphase fluid flow and pressure drop: Multiple duties, in plate heat exchangers, Multiple effect evaporation, Multiple hairpin heat exchanger, Multistage flash evaporation (MSF) Multizone model, for furnaces,
N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z

Phase Behaviour of Mixtures

DOI 10.1615/hedhme.a.000503

5.2 PROPERTIES OF MIXTURES OF FLUIDS
5.2.1. Density of fluid mixtures

A. Introduction

Practical methods for the calculation of the density of gas and liquid mixtures as a function of temperature and pressure are presented in this section. The methods are illustrated with worked examples and the results compared with experimental data. Methods based on the corresponding states principle are quite accurate and can be used up to high pressure, of the order of several hundred bar. The virial approach is accurate at low pressures but its performance worsens with increasing pressure and is not recommended above about 50 bar. For saturated liquid mixtures the correlations proposed by Hankinson and Thomson (1979) and Spencer and Danner (1973) are recommended. For compressed liquid mixtures the method of Thomson et al. (1982) is quite accurate. Only methods which are easy to implement have been selected. More elaborate thermodynamic models such as equations of state, which in principle allow the calculation of all the thermodynamic properties of single substances or mixtures, are beyond the scope of this article because their implementation would require the development of computer programs with lengthy testing periods. Wherever possible guidelines on the accuracy of the recommended methods are provided.

B. Gas mixtures

(a) Corresponding states principle

In the application of the corresponding states principle to mixtures it is necessary first to determine the pseudocritical parameters of the mixture of interest. In Section 508 it is shown how to estimate these scaling parameters through a process of averaging of the constants of the pure constituent components. Once the pseudocritical parameters of a given mixture have been determined, the procedure outlined in Section 499B can be used. This procedure treats the mixture as a fictitious substance, or pseudo-component, when its compression factor Zm(Tr,pr) at reduced conditions of temperature and pressure is given by the following three-parameter correlation (Pitzer et al., 1955):

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