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Boiling of Binary and Multicomponent Mixture: Basic Processes
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A B C D E F G H
Hagen-Poiseuille law Hagen-Rubens relation, between electrical and optical constants, Hall Taylor, N S, Halogenated hydrocarbons: Handley and Heggs equation for fixed bed pressure drop, Hankinson and Thomson method, for liquid density: Hardening (precipative) of stainless steels, Hardwick, R, Harris, D, Hausen equation for developing laminar flow, Hays, G F Headers in shell-and-tube heat exchangers, Heads, in heat exchangers: Heat and mass transfer: Heat exchanger design, introduction, Heat exchangers: Heat of vaporisation (see Enthalpy of vaporisation), of pure substances Heat pipes: Heat pumping, relation to heat exchanger network design, Heat storage (see Regenerators and thermal energy storage) entropy generation in, Heat transfer: Heat transfer coefficient: Heat transfer media, Heat transfer salt, Heat transfer regimes: Heat of vaporization, Heated cavity reflectometer, Heating media, for reboilers, Heavy water, physical properties of, Heggs, P J, Helical coils of circular cross section: Helical coils of rectangular cross section, Helical inserts, for enhancement of heat transfer in boiling, Helium: Helmholtz reciprocity principle, in radiative heat transfer, Henry, J A R, Henry-Fauske model, for critical two-phase flow, Henry's law, for partial pressure,
Boiling of Binary and Multicomponent Mixture: Basic Processes
Heptadecane: Heptadecene: Heptane: 1-Heptanol: 1-Heptene: Herman, K W, Hermes, C L L, Heterogeneous conveyance in horizontal pipes, Heterogeneous nucleation in boiling, Hewitt, G F Hexachloroethane (Refrigerant 116): Hexacyclopentane, superheated vapor properties, Hexadecane: Hexadecene: 1,5-Hexadiene: Hexagonal cells, in free convection, Hexamethylbenzene: Hexane: Hexanoic acid: 1-Hexanol: 1-Hexene: Hexylbenzene: Hexylcyclohexane: Hexylcyclopentane, Hicks equation, for fixed-bed pressure drop, High pressure closures, ASME VIII code guidance for, High-chrome steels, thermal and mechanical properties, High-finned tubes, correlations for single-phase heat transfer in flow over, Hills, P D Hohlraum cavity, Holdup, in liquid-liquid flow, Holland, guide to national practice for mechanical design of heat exchangers, Homogeneous condensation (fog formation), Homogeneous model: Homogeneous nucleation: Honeycombs: Hopkins, D, Horizontal condensers: Horizontal cylinders: Horizontal layers, of fluid, free convection heat transfer in, Horizontal pipes: Horizontal shell-side evaporator, Horizontal surfaces: Horizontal thermosiphon reboilers: Horizontal tube-side evaporator, Horizontal tubes: Hottel's rule, in absorption of radiation by gases, Hsu criterion, for onset of nucleate boiling, Hybrid cooling towers, Hydraulic conveyance: Hydraulic expansion, of tubes into tube sheets in shell-and-tube heat exchangers, Hydraulic turbine, lost work in, Hydraulic resistance, in flow of supercritical fluids, Hydraulically smooth surface, Hydrazine: Hydrocarbons: Hydrodynamic entrance length, in single-phase flow in ducts, Hydrogen: Hydrogen bromide: Hydrogen chloride: Hydrogen cyanide: Hydrogen fluoride: Hydrogen iodide: Hydrogen peroxide: Hydrogen sulfide: Hydrostatic testing of shell-and-tube heat exchangers, Hysteresis:
I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z
H Henry's law, for partial pressure,
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Boiling of Binary and Multicomponent Mixture: Basic Processes

DOI 10.1615/hedhme.a.000196

2.7 BOILING AND EVAPORATION
2.7.6 Boiling of binary and multicomponent mixtures: Basic processes

J. G. Collier and G. F. Hewitt

Section 191, Section 192, Section 193, Section 194 and Section 195 discuss the behavior of pure single-component fluids during evaporation. However, in the chemical and petroleum industries in particular, many processes involve the evaporation (and condensation) of binary (n = 2) and multicomponent (n > 2) mixtures, where n is the number of components. There are thermodynamic advantages, also, in using mixtures of refrigerants which evaporate and condense over a range of temperatures. In the boiling of binary and multicomponent mixtures, the heat transfer and the mass transfer processes are closely linked, with the evaporation rate often being limited by the mass transfer processes. This is significantly different from single-component systems, where interfacial mass transfer rates are normally very high.

In this section the differences to be expected in the basic physical processes will be considered. This will lead to a presentation of the available information on pool boiling of mixtures (Section 197). Finally, the problems of predicting heat transfer rates in forced convective evaporation of mixtures will be examined (Section 198). Starting with the early work of Bonilla and Perry (1941) and Cichelli and Bonilla (1944), a considerable body of published information on pool boiling of biliary mixtures has been built up. There is less information on forced convective evaporation though recent work has revealed some surprising features.

A. Elementary phase equilibrium

(a) Binary systems

If we consider a mixture of vapours consisting of components A and B which has a total pressure  p then we can regard this pressure as being made up of partial pressures  pA and  pB such that  p =  pA +  pB. Strictly speaking, the concept of partial pressure applies only to ideal vapour mixtures where the partial pressure pi, related to the mole fraction ỹi, of the ith component in the mixture. Thus:

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